ROSTER OF UNITED STATES CONGRESSIONAL OFFICEHOLDERS AND BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEMBERS OF THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS, 1789-1996: MERGED DATA  (ICPSR 7803)

Document Description

Citation

Title:

ROSTER OF UNITED STATES CONGRESSIONAL OFFICEHOLDERS AND BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEMBERS OF THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS, 1789-1996: MERGED DATA

Identification Number:

7803

Authoring Entity:

INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH (INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL RESEARCH, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN)

MCKIBBIN, CARROLL

Producer:

INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH

Copyright:

ICPSR, 2000

Date of Production:

2000

Software used in Production:

SOFTQUAD XMETAL

Funding Agency/Sponsor:

NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

Grant Number:

SBR-9617813

Distributor:

INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH

Date of Distribution:

2000

Version:

Version Responsibility:

SANDA IONESCU

Documentation Source

Title:

ROSTER OF UNITED STATES CONGRESSIONAL OFFICEHOLDERS AND BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEMBERS OF THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS, 1789-1996: MERGED DATA

Identification Number:

7803

Authoring Entity:

INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH (INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL RESEARCH, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN)

MCKIBBIN, CARROLL

Producer:

INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH

Date of Production:

JULY 1997

Distributor:

INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH

Date of Distribution:

JULY 1997

Version:

10

Version Responsibility:

INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH

Bibliographic Citation:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, and Carroll McKibbin. ROSTER OF UNITED STATES CONGRESSIONAL OFFICEHOLDERS AND BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEMBERS OF THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS, 1789-1996: MERGED DATA [Computer file]. 10th ICPSR ed. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [producer and distributor], 1997.

Study Description

Citation

Title:

ROSTER OF UNITED STATES CONGRESSIONAL OFFICEHOLDERS AND BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEMBERS OF THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS, 1789-1996: MERGED DATA

Identification Number:

7803

Authoring Entity:

INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH (INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL RESEARCH, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN)

MCKIBBIN, CARROLL

Producer:

INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH

Date of Production:

JULY 1997

Funding Agency/Sponsor:

The Congressional Research Service of the Library of Congress provided financial support and counseling for the creation of this dataset

Distributor:

INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH

Date of Distribution:

JULY 1997

Version:

10  (link)

Version Responsibility:

INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH

Bibliographic Citation:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, and Carroll McKibbin. ROSTER OF UNITED STATES CONGRESSIONAL OFFICEHOLDERS AND BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEMBERS OF THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS, 1789-1996: MERGED DATA [Computer file]. 10th ICPSR ed. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [producer and distributor], 1997.

Study Scope

Keywords:

congressional officeholders;, congressional roster;, governmental elites;, legislative bodies;, legislators;, membership;, United States Congress;

Topic Classification:

XIII. Legislative and Deliberative Bodies;, A. Historical and Contemporary Roll Call Voting Records;, 1. United States;

Abstract:

This dataset contains variables describing congressional service and selected biographical characteristics for each person who has served in the United States Congress. This release of the data includes members of the 104th Congress, through November 27, 1996. Approximately 11,455 individuals are represented in this file. A data record exists for every Congress in which an individual served, as well as for each chamber in which a person may have served in a given Congress. To illustrate, a member of the House of Representatives appointed to fill a vacancy in the Senate during a term of service will have two data records for that Congress. There are no records for territorial delegates or for service in the Continental Congress. Each record contains 104 variables that uniquely identify the member, provide biographical information, and describe aspects of the member's career. Some variables relate only to the Congress of record, that is, the Congress identified by Variable V2. Other variables are cumulative in nature, and are updated from Congress to Congress. Identification variables include an identification number assigned by ICPSR and the name of the Member. Service variables include political party affiliation, Senate class or House district, state and region represented, and exact and cumulative dates of service in each Congress and each Chamber, as well as total congressional service. The biographical variables include state and region of birth, education, military service, occupation, other political offices held, reason for leaving each Congress, and occupation and political offices held subsequent to leaving Congress. Many of these particular variables are summarized in a collapsed variable. The termination-of-service variable (V44) is a useful filter for the analyst interested in accessing only the final summary record for each member who has served in Congress. With this filter, the researcher may produce a subset of this dataset that will closely resemble the original "McKibbin" file, where there was one record per member of Congress. The Congress (V2) and Chamber (V3) variables are useful filters for one wishing to obtain frequencies in just the House or Senate over a particular span of time. The occupancy variable (V43) enables one to reconstruct a Congress as it was first configured, excluding replacement members. The original version of this file was produced in large part by merging two previously existing files-- ICPSR's ROSTER OF UNITED STATES CONGRESSIONAL OFFICEHOLDERS, 1789-1979 (ICPSR 7557) and Carroll McKibbin's BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEMBERS OF THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS, 1789-1978 (ICPSR 7428). Since 1980, ICPSR staff members have maintained this merged data set. The eighth edition of this file marked the introduction of two additional processing procedures. Beginning with the 101st Congress, members who changed their political party affiliation after being seated in a given Congress are assigned a separate data record for each party that they represented in that seat in the Congress of record. In addition, persons seated more than once in the same chamber during a single Congress will have a separate data record for each seat that they occupied in that chamber during the Congress in question. Thus, for example, a Representative who switched from the Democratic to the Republican party after being seated in the 104th House will have two data records for that seat in the 104th Congress; and a Senator who switched Senate seats in the 102nd Congress will have two data records for the 102nd Senate.

Time Period:

March 4, 1789-November 27, 1996

Country:

United States

Geographic Coverage:

United States

Unit of Analysis:

individuals

Universe:

All persons who have served in the United States Congress from 1789 to November 27, 1996.

Kind of Data:

Biographical data

Methodology and Processing

Data Collector:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Carroll McKibbin

Sources Statement

Data Sources:

BIOGRAPHICAL DIRECTORY OF THE AMERICAN CONGRESS, 1774-1989

CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY, 1969-1988. U.S. Government Printing Office

WEEKLY REPORT, 1979-1989

Carroll McKibbin. BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEMBERS OF THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS, 1789-1979 (ICPSR 7428)

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. UNITED STATES HISTORICAL ELECTION RETURNS, 1788-1984 (ICPSR 0001 and 0079)

CONGRESSIONAL QUARTERLY WEEKLY REPORT, various issues

Cleaning Operations:

During the original creation of this combined file, the Consortium staff performed several detailed and systematic error checking procedures both while merging the existing files and updating the resulting merged file... In the course of processing a study of this magnitude, random entry or keypunch errors may occur, embedded blanks or invalid characters may be introduced, and so on. These errors are generally corrected as they are brought to the processing staff's attention.

Data Access

Location:

Ann Arbor, MI.: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Extent of Collection:

1 data file + machine-readable documentation + SAS data definition statements + SPSS data definition statements

Number of Files:

4

Citation Requirement:

Publications based on ICPSR data collections should acknowledge those sources by means of bibliographic citations. To ensure that such source attributions are captured for social science bibliographic utilities, citations must appear in footnotes or in the reference section of publications. The bibliographic citation for this data collection is: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, and Carroll McKibbin. ROSTER OF UNITED STATES CONGRESSIONAL OFFICEHOLDERS AND BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEMBERS OF THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS, 1789-1996: MERGED DATA [Computer file]. 10th ICPSR ed. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [producer and distributor], 1997.

Deposit Requirement:

To provide funding agencies with essential information about use of archival resources and to facilitate the exchange of information about ICPSR participants' research activities, users of ICPSR data are requested to send to ICPSR bibliographic citations for each completed manuscript or thesis abstract. Please indicate in a cover letter which data were used.

Disclaimer:

The original collector of the data, ICPSR, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for uses of this collection or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.

File Description

File: ROSTER OF UNITED STATES CONGRESSIONAL OFFICEHOLDERS AND BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEMBERS OF THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS, 1789-1996: MERGED DATA

Notes:

To facilitate analyses of this dataset, both missing data and inapplicable codes are recoded to missing values in the SAS and SPSS data definition statements accompanying this data collection

Variable Description

Variable Groups

MEMBER INFORMATION

Variables within MEMBER INFORMATION

OFFICES PRIOR TO CONGRESSIONAL SERVICE

Variables within OFFICES PRIOR TO CONGRESSIONAL SERVICE

HISTORY OF CONGRESSIONAL SERVICE

Variables within HISTORY OF CONGRESSIONAL SERVICE

OFFICES HELD SUBSEQUENT TO CONGRESSIONAL SERVICE

Variables within OFFICES HELD SUBSEQUENT TO CONGRESSIONAL SERVICE

SERVICE IN CONGRESS OF RECORD

Variables within SERVICE IN CONGRESS OF RECORD

ICPSR VARIABLES

Variables within ICPSR VARIABLES

Variables

ICPSR MEMBER ID NUMBER

Location:

Start: 1
Width: 5

Variable Text: ICPSR Five Digit Identification Number  (link)

Notes: Members in office in the 1st through the beginning of the 87th Congress were coded in alphabetical order as they appeared in the BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY OF THE AMERICAN CONGRESS, 1774-1961. Thereafter, new members were generally assigned ID numbers in alphabetical order as they arrived in Congress. Member's full name is included in V8.

CONGRESS

Location:

Start: 6
Width: 3

Variable Text: CONGRESS NUMBER  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

-1.

MD

Notes: The sequential number of the Congress of Record in which the member was seated.

CHAMBER / CLASS

Location:

Start: 9
Width: 1

Variable Text: Chamber (and Class) in Which Member Served in Congress of Record

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

3.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

4.

SENATE, CLASS 1

The following 33 states with Class 1 seats elected Senators in any or all of the years 1788, 1790, 1796, 1802, 1808, 1814, 1820, 1826, 1832, 1838, 1844, 1850, 1856, 1862, 1868, 1874, 1880, 1886, 1892, 1898, 1904, 1910, 1916, 1922, 1928, 1934, 1940, 1946, 1952, 1958, 1964, 1970, 1976, 1982, 1988, 1994, 2000: Arizona Minnesota Pennsylvania California Mississippi Rhode Island Connecticut Missouri Tennessee Delaware Montana Texas Florida Nebraska Utah Hawaii Nevada Vermont Indiana New Jersey Virginia Maine New Mexico Washington Maryland New York West Virginia Massachusetts North Dakota Wisconsin Michigan Ohio Wyoming

5.

SENATE, CLASS 2

The following 33 states with Class 2 seats elected Senators in any or all of the years 1788, 1792, 1798, 1804, 1810, 1816, 1822, 1828, 1834, 1840, 1846, 1852, 1858, 1864, 1870, 1876, 1882, 1888, 1894, 1900, 1906, 1912, 1918, 1924, 1930, 1936, 1942, 1948, 1954, 1960, 1966, 1972, 1978, 1984, 1990, 1996, 2002: Alabama Louisiana North Carolina Alaska Maine Oklahoma Arkansas Massachusetts Oregon Colorado Michigan Rhode Island Delaware Minnesota South Carolina Georgia Mississippi South Dakota Idaho Montana Tennessee Illinois Nebraska Texas Iowa New Hampshire Virginia Kansas New Jersey West Virginia Kentucky New Mexico Wyoming

6.

SENATE, CLASS 3

The following 34 states with Class 3 seats elected Senators in any or all of the years 1788, 1794, 1800, 1806, 1812, 1818, 1824, 1830, 1836, 1842, 1848, 1854, 1860, 1866, 1872, 1878, 1884, 1890, 1896, 1902, 1908, 1914, 1920, 1926, 1932, 1938, 1944, 1950, 1956, 1962, 1968, 1974, 1980, 1986, 1992, 1998: Alabama Indiana Ohio Alaska Iowa Oklahoma Arizona Kansas Oregon Arkansas Kentucky Pennsylvania California Louisiana South Carolina Colorado Maryland South Dakota Connecticut Missouri Utah Florida Nevada Vermont Georgia New Hampshire Washington Hawaii New York Wisconsin Idaho North Carolina Illinois North Dakota

9.

MD

STATE

Location:

Start: 10
Width: 2

Variable Text: ICPSR Code For State That Member Represented in the Congress of Record  (link)

NEW ENGLAND

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

01.

CONNECTICUT

02.

MAINE

03.

MASSACHUSETTS

04.

NEW HAMPSHIRE

05.

RHODE ISLAND

06.

VERMONT

-1.

MD

MIDDLE ATLANTIC

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

11.

DELAWARE

12.

NEW JERSEY

13.

NEW YORK

14.

PENNSYLVANIA

-1.

MD

EAST NORTH CENTRAL

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

21.

ILLINOIS

22.

INDIANA

23.

MICHIGAN

24.

OHIO

25.

WISCONSIN

-1.

MD

WEST NORTH CENTRAL

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

31.

IOWA

32.

KANSAS

33.

MINNESOTA

34.

MISSOURI

35.

NEBRASKA

36.

NORTH DAKOTA

37.

SOUTH DAKOTA

-1.

MD

SOLID SOUTH

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

40.

VIRGINIA

41.

ALABAMA

42.

ARKANSAS

43.

FLORIDA

44.

GEORGIA

45.

LOUISIANA

46.

MISSISSIPPI

47.

NORTH CAROLINA

48.

SOUTH CAROLINA

49.

TEXAS

-1.

MD

BORDER STATES

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

51.

KENTUCKY

52.

MARYLAND

53.

OKLAHOMA

54.

TENNESSEE

55.

WASHINGTON, D.C.

56.

WEST VIRGINIA

-1.

MD

MOUNTAIN STATES

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

61.

ARIZONA

62.

COLORADO

63.

IDAHO

64.

MONTANA

65.

NEVADA

66.

NEW MEXICO

67.

UTAH

68.

WYOMING

-1.

MD

PACIFIC STATES

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

71.

CALIFORNIA

72.

OREGON

73.

WASHINGTON

-1.

MD

NONCONTINENTAL STATES

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

81.

ALASKA

82.

HAWAII

-1.

MD

Notes: V90 lists the two digit alphabetic postal code state abbreviation.

DISTRICT

Location:

Start: 12
Width: 2

Variable Text: District Represented by the Member in the Congress of Record  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

01.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

02.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

03.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

04.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

05.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

06.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

07.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

08.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

09.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

10.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

11.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

12.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

13.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

14.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

15.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

16.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

17.

SINGLE MEM1BER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

18.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

19.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

20.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

21.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

22.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

23.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

24.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

25.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

26.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

27.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

28.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

29.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

30.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

31.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

32.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

33.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

34.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

35.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

36.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

37.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

38.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

39.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

40.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

41.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

42.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

43.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

44.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

45.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

46.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

47.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

48.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

49.

SINGLE MEMBER AND PLURAL DISTRICTS

50.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

51.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

52.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

53.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

54.

REPRESENTA55TIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

55.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

56.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

57.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

58.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

59.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

60.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

61.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

62.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

63.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

64.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

65.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

66.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

67.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

68.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

69.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

70.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

71.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

72.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

73.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON A GENERAL TICKET

88.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED FROM AT-LARGE DISTRICTS

89.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED FROM AT-LARGE DISTRICTS

90.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED FROM AT-LARGE DISTRICTS

91.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED FROM AT-LARGE DISTRICTS

92.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED FROM AT-LARGE DISTRICTS

93.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED FROM AT-LARGE DISTRICTS

94.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED FROM AT-LARGE DISTRICTS

95.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED FROM AT-LARGE DISTRICTS

96.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED FROM AT-LARGE DISTRICTS

97.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED FROM AT-LARGE DISTRICTS

98.

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED FROM AT-LARGE DISTRICTS

99.

UNKNOWN OR NOT ASCERTAINED

-1.

INAP., SENATOR; MD

Notes: This variable includes codes for standard single member districts, at-large districts, and districts in which the Representative was elected on a general ticket. The district number itself is used as the value given here for single member districts as well as any so-called "plural districts". The practice of electing several Representatives from the same district disappeared by about 1830 and was limited to Kentucky, Maryland, New York, and Pennsylvania. These plural districts are not distinguished by a special code but they can be identified by the presence of several Representatives, all regularly elected, who have the same district number. The code values for the single member and plural districts range from 1 to 49, inclusive. Districts in which the Representative was elected on a general ticket are coded in the range 50 through 70, inclusive. In some states, Representatives were elected at-large (on a general ticket) but did represent specific districts. A Representative elected on a general ticket to represent district 1 would be coded 51 here. At-large districts within a state are coded in descending order beginning with the value 98 according to the alphabetic order of the candidates' last names. Hence, Anderson would be coded as 98, Brown as 97, Carlson as 96, and so on.

PARTY

Location:

Start: 14
Width: 4

Variable Text: The Political Party with which the Member was affiliated during the Congress of Record  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0001.

FEDERALIST

0008.

ANTI-DEMOCRAT

0009. .

Jefferson Republican

0010. .

Anti-Federalist

0011. .

Jefferson Democrat

0012. .

Old Republican

0013. .

Democrat-Republican

0014. .

Clinton Democrat

0020. .

Adams Republican

0021. .

Adams Anti-Democrat

0022. .

Adams Democrat

0023. .

Adams Supporter

0024. .

John Quincy Adams Democrat

0025. .

National Republican

0026. .

Anti-Masonic

0027. .

Anti-Masonic Whig

0028. .

Clay Democrat

0029. .

Whig

0030. .

Henry Clay Whig

0031. .

High Tariff Whig

0032. .

Harrison Whig

0033. .

Whig and Anti-Masonic

0034. .

Whig and Democrat

0035. .

Law and Order Whig

0036. .

Old Line Whig

0037. .

Constitutional Union

0038. .

Liberation Whig

0040. .

Anti-Democrat and States Rights

0041. .

Anti-Jackson Democrat

0042. .

Calhoun Democrat

0043. .

Calhoun Nullifer

0044. .

Nullifer

0045. .

Nullifer Democrat

0046. .

States Rights Democrat

0047. .

States Rights Free Trader

0048..

States Rights Whig

0049. .

Tyler Democrat

0100. .

Democrat

0101. .

Jackson Democrat

0102. .

Jackson Free Statesmen

0103. .

Democrat and Anti-Mason

0104. .

Van Buren Democrat

0105. .

Conservative Democrat

0106. .

Anti-Nebraska Democrat

0107. .

Douglas Democrat

0108. .

Anti-Lecompton Democrat

0109. .

Missouri Compromise Democrat

0110. .

Popular Sovereignty Democrat

0111. .

Anti-Broderick Democrat

0112. .

Conservative

0113. .

Fusion Democrat

0114. .

Readjuster

0115..

Tammany Democrat

0116. .

Anti-Tammany Democrat

0117. .

Protection-Tariff Democrat

0118. .

Tariff-For-Revenue Democrat

0119. .

United Democrat

0120. .

Liberal Democrat

0200. .

Republican

0201. .

Radical Republican

0202. .

Union Conservative

0203. .

Unconditional Union

0204. .

Union Whig

0205. .

Union War Candidate

0206. .

Unionist

0207. .

States Rights War Democrat

0208. .

Liberal Republican

0209. .

Liberal Republican and Democrat

0210. .

Republican and Union Labor

0211..

Protectionist

0212. .

United Republican

0213..

Progressive Republican

0214. .

Republican and Non-Partisan

0215. .

War Democrat

0300. .

Free Soil

0301. .

Free Soil Democrat

0302. .

Free Soil Whig

0303. .

Whig and Free Soiler

0304. .

Anti-Slavery

0305. .

Anti-Slavery Whig

0306. .

Free-Soil Temperance and Know-Nothing(American)

0307. .

Ultra-Abolitionist

0308. .

Free Soil American and Democrat

0310. .

American

0311. .

American and Republican

0312. .

National American

0313. .

Native American Democrat

0314. .

Democrat and American

0315. .

Whig and American

0320. .

Greenback

0321. .

Greenback Democrat

0322. .

Greenback and Democrat

0323. .

Greenback Labor Reform

0324. .

Democrat and Greenback

0325. .

Democrat and Greenback Labor

0326. .

National Greenback

0327. .

National Greenback and Democrat

0328. .

Independent

0329. .

Independent and Democrat

0330. .

Independent Democrat

0331. .

Independent Republican

0332. .

Independent Radical

0333. .

Independent Republican and Democrat

0334. .

National and Democrat

0335. .

National Anti-Monopolist

0336. .

Anti-Monopolist

0337. .

Anti-Monopolist Democrat

0338. .

Republican Greenback

0339..

Democrat and Liberal

0340. .

Populist

0341. .

People's

0342..

People's and Democrat

0343. .

Populist and Democrat

0344. .

Populist, Democrat, and People's

0345. .

Populist and Silver Democrat

0346. .

Democrat and Populist

0347. .

Democrat, People's and Prohibitionists

0348. .

Farmers' Alliance

0349. .

Farmers' Alliance and Prohibitionists

0351. .

Alliance Democrat

0352..

Free Silver Republican

0353. .

Independent Silver Republican

0354. .

Silver Republican

0355. .

Union Laborite

0356. .

Union Labor and Democrat

0357. .

Non-Partisan League

0360. .

Democrat and Prohibition

0361..

Prohibition

0362. .

Prohibition and Democrat

0370. .

Progressive

0380. .

Socialist

0400. .

Feliciana Republican

0401. .

Fusionist

0402. .

Liberal

0403. .

Law and Order

0404. .

Radical

0500. .

Prohibition, Democrat-Republican and Progressive

0501. .

Labor

0505. .

Socialist Labor

0515. .

Democrat and Labor

0522. .

American Labor

0528. .

Union Democrat

0537. .

Farmer Labor

0567. .

Democrat and Citizen

0659. .

Opposition Republican

0749. .

Republican-Democrat

0809. .

Democrat, Farmer-Labor

0908..

Non-Partisan

1010..

Northern Democrat

1116. .

Conservative Republican

1160. .

Silver-Republican-Democrat

9000..

Party Identification Unknown

9000 TO 9998: PARTY IDENTIFICATION UNKNOWN

9998..

Party Identification Unknown

9000 TO 9998: PARTY IDENTIFICATION UNKNOWN

9999.

Unknown

-001.

MD

Notes: This four digit numeric code corresponds to the system used in the ICPSR Collection of Historical Election Returns, 1788-1968. (V91 in this dataset gives alphabetic abbreviations for the major parties).

POL PARTY

Location:

Start: 18
Width: 2

Variable Text: POLITICAL PARTY  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

01.

DEMOCRAT

02.

REPUBLICAN

03.

WHIG

04.

FEDERALIST

05.

ANTI-MONOPOLIST

06.

AMERICAN

07.

INDEPENDENT

08.

FREE SOIL

09.

POPULIST

10.

FARM LABOR

11.

CONSERVATIVE

12.

GREENBACK

13.

SOCIALIST

14.

LIBERAL

15.

ANTI-MASON

17.

UNION LABOR

18.

PROGRESSIVE

-1.

MD

Notes: A two digit code, corresponding to the system used by Carroll McKibbin in the study, BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEMBERS OF THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS (ICPSR 7428). The party affiliation held the longest is the one coded for members associated with more than one political party. Code 07, Independent, includes both those for whom no party affiliation is mentioned in the BDAC and those who were elected as Independents.

FULL NAME

Location:

Start: 20
Width: 25

Variable Text: MEMBER'S FULL NAME (LAST, FIRST, MIDDLE)  (link)

Notes: If a member's name does not fill 25 columns, blanks are used in the remaining spaces.

SEX

Location:

Start: 45
Width: 1

Variable Text: SEX

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

MALE

2.

FEMALE

9.

MD

REGION

Location:

Start: 46
Width: 1

Variable Text: REGION  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

NEW ENGLAND

1.

MIDDLE ATLANTIC

2.

EAST NORTH CENTRAL

3.

WEST NORTH CENTRAL

4.

SOUTH

5.

BORDER

6.

MOUNTAIN

7.

PACIFIC

8.

EXTERNAL

9.

MD

Derivation

  • Description: The variable was derived by taking the first digit of the ICPSR state code. (V4).

Notes: The ICPSR code for the geographic region of the country in which the member's state is found.

STATE BORN (ICPSR CODE)

Location:

Start: 47
Width: 2

Variable Text: STATE OF BIRTH

NEW ENGLAND

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

UNKNOWN OR BORN IN A FOREIGN COUNTRY

01.

CONNECTICUT

02.

MAINE

03.

MASSACHUSETTS

04.

NEW HAMPSHIRE

05.

RHODE ISLAND

06.

VERMONT

-1.

MD

MIDDLE ATLANTIC

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

UNKNOWN OR BORN IN A FOREIGN COUNTRY

11.

DELAWARE

12.

NEW JERSEY

13.

NEW YORK

14.

PENNSYLVANIA

-1.

MD

EAST NORTH CENTRAL

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

UNKNOWN OR BORN IN A FOREIGN COUNTRY

21.

ILLINOIS

22.

INDIANA

23.

MICHIGAN

24.

OHIO

25.

WISCONSIN

-1.

MD

WEST NORTH CENTRAL

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

UNKNOWN OR BORN IN A FOREIGN COUNTRY

31.

IOWA

32.

KANSAS

33.

MINNESOTA

34.

MISSOURI

35.

NEBRASKA

36.

NORTH DAKOTA

37.

SOUTH DAKOTA

-1.

MD

SOLID SOUTH

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

UNKNOWN OR BORN IN A FOREIGN COUNTRY

40.

VIRGINIA

41.

ALABAMA

42.

ARKANSAS

43.

FLORIDA

44.

GEORGIA

45.

LOUISIANA

46.

MISSISSIPPI

47.

NORTH CAROLINA

48.

SOUTH CAROLINA

49.

TEXAS

-1.

MD

BORDER STATES

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

UNKNOWN OR BORN IN A FOREIGN COUNTRY

51.

KENTUCKY

52.

MARYLAND

53.

OKLAHOMA

54.

TENNESSEE

55.

WASHINGTON, D.C.

56.

WEST VIRGINIA

-1.

MD

MOUNTAIN STATES

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

UNKNOWN OR BORN IN A FOREIGN COUNTRY

61.

ARIZONA

62.

COLORADO

63.

IDAHO

64.

MONTANA

65.

NEVADA

66.

NEW MEXICO

67.

UTAH

68.

WYOMING

-1.

MD

PACIFIC STATES

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

UNKNOWN OR BORN IN A FOREIGN COUNTRY

71.

CALIFORNIA

72.

OREGON

73.

WASHINGTON

-1.

MD

NONCONTINENTAL STATES

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

UNKNOWN OR BORN IN A FOREIGN COUNTRY

81.

ALASKA

82.

HAWAII

-1.

MD

BORN / REP SAME STATE

Location:

Start: 49
Width: 1

Variable Text: BORN IN AND REPRESENTED THE SAME STATE  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

REPRESENTED STATE IN WHICH BORN

1.

DID NOT REPRESENT STATE IN WHICH BORN

9.

MD

Notes: This variable indicates whether the member represented his/her state of birth.

BORN / REP SAME REGION

Location:

Start: 50
Width: 1

Variable Text: BORN IN AND REPRESENTED THE SAME REGION  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

REPRESENTED REGION IN WHICH BORN

1.

DID NOT REPRESENT REGION IN WHICH BORN

9.

MD

Notes: This variable indicates whether the member represented his/her region of birth.

ICPSR RELATIVES CODE

Location:

Start: 51
Width: 2

Variable Text: Relationship of Individual to Others Who Have Served in Congress.  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

NONE MENTIONED IN BDAC OR OTHER SOURCES

01.

FATHER / MOTHER

02. .

Son/Daughter

03. .

Grandfather

04. .

Grandson/Granddaughter

05. .

Uncle

06. .

Nephew/Niece

07. .

Brother/Sister

08. .

Cousin

09. .

Husband

10. .

Wife or Widow

11. .

Father-in-law

12. .

Son-in-law

13. .

Great-grandfather

14. .

Great-grandson

15. .

Great-uncle

16. .

Great-nephew

17. .

Brother-in-law/Sister-in-law

18. .

Second cousin

21. .

Stepfather

22. .

Stepson/Stepdaughter

23. .

Great-great-grandfather

24. .

Great-great-grandson

25. .

Great-great-uncle

26. .

Great-great-nephew

27. .

Stepbrother/Stepsister or Halfbrother/Halfsister

34. .

Great-great-great-grandson

-1. .

MD

Notes: This code refers only to the first relative mentioned in BDAC or other sources of information. For example, if a member is the daughter of a congressman '02' would be coded here.

RELATIVES CLLPS

Location:

Start: 53
Width: 1

Variable Text: COLLAPSED VERSION OF RELATIVES CODE

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

THE MEMBER HAD NO RELATIVES WHO SERVED IN CONGRESS

1.

THE MEMBER HAD AT LEAST ONE RELATIVE WHO SERVED IN CONGRESS

9.

MD

Derivation

  • Description: THIS IS A COLLAPSED VERSION OF V14

SECONDARY EDUC

Location:

Start: 54
Width: 1

Variable Text: SECONDARY EDUCATION  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

UNKNOWN

1.

Public Schools, or type of secondary education not specified

2.

Private Schools, including parochial

9.

MD

Notes: The BDAC and other sources include many imprecise references to the secondary education of members. If there is no mention of such schooling, the code value '0' applies, and if there is mention of the member receiving a secondary education but not specifically from a private school, the code value '1' applies. Members first elected or appointed to the 102nd Congress or to subsequent Congresses are coded 1 if a college education is mentioned but no secondary education is reported.

COLLEGE ATTENDED

Location:

Start: 55
Width: 3

Variable Text: COLLEGE ATTENDED  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

000.

NO COLLEGE ATTENDANCE OR NONE MENTIONED

009.

FOREIGN COLLEGE (NO AMERICAN COLLEGE ATTENDED)

110. .

Connecticut State Universities

111. .

Yale

119. .

Connecticut Colleges

120. .

Maine State Universities

129..

Maine Colleges Colleges

130..

Massachusetts State Universities

131..

Harvard

139. .

Massachusetts Colleges

140. .

New Hampshire State Universities

142..

Dartmouth

149. .

New Hampshire Colleges

150. .

Rhode Island State Universities

151. .

Brown

159. .

Rhode Island Colleges

160. .

Vermont State Universities

169. .

Vermont Colleges

220. .

New Jersey State Universities

221. .

Princeton

222. .

Rutgers

229. .

New Jersey Colleges

250. .

New York State Universities

251. .

Columbia

252. .

Cornell

253. .

West Point

259. .

New York Colleges

270. .

Pennsylvania State Universities

271. .

Pennsylvania University

279. .

Pennsylvania Colleges

310. .

Delaware State Universities

319. .

Delaware Colleges

320. .

Maryland State Universities

329. .

Maryland Colleges

330. .

District of Columbia Universities

331. .

George Washington University

332. .

Georgetown University

339. .

District of Columbia Colleges

340. .

Virginia State Universities

341. .

Richmond University

349. .

Virginia Colleges

350. .

West Virginia State Universities

359. .

West Virginia Colleges

360. .

North Carolina State Universities

369. .

North Carolina Colleges

370. .

South Carolina State Universities

379. .

South Carolina Colleges

380. .

Georgia State Universities

389. .

Georgia Colleges

390. .

Florida State Universities

399. .

Florida Colleges

410. .

Illinois State Universities

411. .

Chicago University

412. .

Northwestern University

419. .

Illinois Colleges

420. .

Michigan State Universities

429. .

Michigan Colleges

430. .

Ohio State Universities

439. .

Ohio Colleges

440. .

Wisconsin State Universities

449. .

Wisconsin Colleges

450. .

Indiana State Universities

451. .

Notre Dame

459. .

Indiana Colleges

510. .

Iowa State Universities

512. .

Iowa State University

519. .

Iowa Colleges

520. .

Kansas State Universities

529. .

Kansas Colleges

530. .

Minnesota State Universities

539. .

Minnesota Colleges

540. .

Missouri State Universities

549. .

Missouri Colleges

550. .

Nebraska State Universities

559. .

Nebraska Colleges

560. .

North Dakota State Universities

569. .

North Dakota Colleges

570. .

South Dakota State Universities

579. .

South Dakota Colleges

610. .

Kentucky State Universities

619. .

Kentucky Colleges

620. .

Tennessee State Universities

621. .

Vanderbilt

629. .

Tennessee Colleges

630. .

Alabama State Universities

639. .

Alabama Colleges

640. .

Mississippi State Universities

649. .

Mississippi Colleges

710. .

Arkansas State Universities

719. .

Arkansas Colleges

720. .

Louisiana State Universities

729. .

Louisiana Colleges

730. .

Oklahoma State Universities

739. .

Oklahoma Colleges

740. .

Texas State Universities

749. .

Texas Colleges

810. .

Montana State Universities

819. .

Montana Colleges

820..

Idaho State Universities

829. .

Idaho Colleges

830. .

Wyoming State Universities

839. .

Wyoming Colleges

840. .

Colorado State Universities

849. .

Colorado Colleges

850. .

New Mexico Universities

859. .

New Mexico Colleges

860. .

Arizona State Universities

869. .

Arizona Colleges

870. .

Utah State Universities

879. .

Utah Colleges

880. .

Nevada State Universities

889. .

Nevada Colleges

910. .

California State Universities

911. .

Stanford

912. .

California Institute of Technology

919. .

California Colleges

920. .

Oregon State Universities

929. .

Oregon Colleges

930. .

Washington State Universities

939. .

Washington Colleges

940. .

Alaska State Universities

949. .

Alaska Colleges

950. .

Hawaii State Universities

959. .

Hawaii Colleges

-01. .

MD

Notes: Only the last college or university attended was coded. A foreign college is coded only if there was no attendance at a college in the United States. The first two digits of the code are the same as the McKibbin State Code (see above). A value of '0' in the last digit indicates attendance at a state university. A value of '9' in the last digit indicates attendance at a college other than a state university.

COLLEGE ATTENDED CLLPS

Location:

Start: 58
Width: 1

Variable Text: COLLAPSED VERSION OF COLLEGE ATTENDED

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No college attended or none mentioned in BDAC or other sources

1.

Attended a state university

2.

Attended a Ivy League school (Yale, Harvard, Brown, Columbia, Princeton, Pennsylvania, Dartmouth, Cornell, Rutgers, West Point)

3.

Attended other colleges and universities

9.

MD

Derivation

  • Description: THIS VARIABLE IS A COLLAPSED VERSION OF V17

MILITARY SERVICE

Location:

Start: 59
Width: 1

Variable Text: MILITARY SERVICE  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No Military service mentioned in BDAC or other sources

1.

Enlisted rank, non-officer or rank unspecified

2.

Lieutenant/Ensign, or officer with rank unspecified

3.

Captain/Lieutenant

4.

Major/Lieutenant Commander

5.

Lieutenant Colonel/Commander

6.

Colonel/Captain

7.

General/Admiral

9.

MD

Notes: The highest rank prior to Congressional service is coded. An individual who was known to be an officer is coded here as '2' when no more specific information is available. If a Member had some military service but with no rank specified, this variable is coded '1'. The Navy equivalent to an Army rank is listed second.

MIL SVCE CLLPS

Location:

Start: 60
Width: 1

Variable Text: COLLAPSED VERSION OF MILITARY SERVICE

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No military service was mentioned in BDAC or other sources

1.

Enlisted rank, non-officer or rank unspecified

2.

Officer

9.

MD

Derivation

  • Description: THIS VARIABLE IS A COLLAPSED VERSION OF V19

LAST OCCUPATION PRE-CONG

Location:

Start: 61
Width: 2

Variable Text: LAST MAJOR OCCUPATION PRIOR TO SERVICE IN CONGRESS

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

Either none mentioned in BDAC or other sources, unknown, or no non-public service

1.

Retired

2. .

Secondary School Teacher

3. .

High School Administrator

4. .

College Administrator

5. .

College Professor

6. .

Public policy analyst

7. .

Political activist

8. .

Teacher, not specified whether secondary or elementary

10. .

Lawyer

11. .

Doctor/Dentist/Veterinarian

12. .

Journalist/Publisher

13. .

Minister/Priest

14. .

Architect/Urban Planner

15. .

Librarian

16. .

Accountant/Economist

17. .

Engineer

18. .

Social Worker

19. .

Mortician

20. .

Actor

21. .

Professional Athlete

30. .

Soldier

31. .

Surveyor

40..

Radio and Television

41. .

Public Relations/Lobbyist

42. .

Advertising

43. .

Salaried Political Party Officer

50. .

Business (Transportation)

51. .

Business (Investments)

52. .

Business (Contractor)

53. .

Business (Manufacturer)

54. .

Business (Agriculture/Farming)

55. .

Business (Banking)

56..

Business (Retailing)

57. .

Business (Mining/Petroleum)

58. .

Business (Real Estate)

59. .

Business (Insurance)

60. .

Business (Unspecified)

61. .

Communication company executive

62. .

Charity Organizer

69. .

Tailor

70. .

Laborer

71. .

Union Officer

72. .

Slave

80. .

Author

90. .

Hospital Administrator

91. .

Educational Administrator

92. .

Public School Guidance Counselor

93. .

Association Director/CEO

94. .

Political Consultant/Researcher

95. .

Pharmacist

96. .

Medical office manager

-1. .

MD

LAST OCC PRE-CONG CLLPS

Location:

Start: 63
Width: 1

Variable Text: COLLAPSED VERSION OF LAST OCCUPATION PRIOR TO SERVICE

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

None, unknown, retired or no non-public service

(includes V21 codes 00, 01)

1.

Education

(includes V21 codes 02-05, 08, 91-92)

2.

Lawyer

(includes V21 code 10)

3.

Professional

(includes V21 codes 11-19)

4.

Business

(includes V21 codes 50-53, 55-60)

5.

Agriculture

(includes V21 code 54)

6.

Miscellaneous

(includes V21 codes 06, 07, 20-43, 61-90, 93-96)

9.

MD

Derivation

  • Description: THIS IS A COLLAPSED VERSION OF V21

LST N-J MUN OFC PRE-CONG

Location:

Start: 64
Width: 2

Variable Text: LAST MUNICIPAL OFFICE HELD PRIOR TO SERVICE IN CONGRESS

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

NONE MENTIONED IN BDAC OR OTHER SOURCES

01.

CITY TREASURER

02.

CITY COUNCIL

03.

MAYOR

04.

SCHOOL COMMISSIONER / SCHOOL BOARD

05.

COMMISSIONER

06.

CITY CLERK

07.

TOWN SUPERVISOR

93.

BOARD MEMBER / SELECTMAN / ALDERMAN

94.

CIVIL SERVANT

95.

ASSESSOR

96.

JUSTICE OF THE PEACE

97.

CITY ATTORNEY

-1.

MD

LST N-J MUN PRE-CN CLLPS

Location:

Start: 66
Width: 1

Variable Text: Collapsed Version of Last Municipal Office Prior to Service  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No service in a municipal office mentioned in BDAC or other sources

1.

Some municipal office was held

9.

MD

Derivation

  • Description: This is a collapsed version of V23.

Notes: The only judicial office included in this variable is Justice of the Peace

ANY MUN PRE-CN CLLPS

Location:

Start: 67
Width: 1

Variable Text: Any Municipal Office Held Prior to Service in Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No service in a municipal office was mentioned in BDAC or other sources

1.

Some service in a municipal office, including municipal judgeship

(Coded '4' on V36).

9.

MD

LST N-J CTY OFC PRE-CONG

Location:

Start: 68
Width: 2

Variable Text: Last Non-Judicial County Office Held Prior to Service

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

None mentioned in BDAC or other sources

01.

County Attorney, Prosecuting Attorney

02. .

Clerk

03. .

Sheriff

04. .

Commissioner

05..

Register of Deeds

06. .

Assessor

07. .

Auditor

08. .

Treasurer

09. .

Surveyor

10. .

Coroner

11. .

Superintendent of Schools

12. .

Probation Officer

13. .

Public Administrator

14. .

County Supervisor

15. .

County Legislator

16. .

County Comptroller

94. .

Board Member

95. .

Civil Servant

96. .

Surrogate

97. .

Probate Officer

98. .

Jail Inspector

-1. .

MD

LST N-J CTY PRE-CN CLLPS

Location:

Start: 70
Width: 1

Variable Text: Collapsed Version of Last Non-Judicial County Office Held

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No holding of a county office mentioned in BDAC or other sources

1.

Some county office was held

9.

MD

Derivation

  • Description: This variable is a collapsed version of V26.

ANY CTY PRE-CN CLLPS

Location:

Start: 71
Width: 1

Variable Text: Service in Any County Office Held Prior to Service in Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No holding of a county office mentioned in BDAC or other sources

1.

Some county office was held, including county judgeship

(Coded '2' on V36)

9.

MD

ANY LOCAL OFC PRE-CONG

Location:

Start: 72
Width: 1

Variable Text: Service in Any Local Office Held Prior to Service in Congress  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No local office mentioned in BDAC or other sources

1.

Any local office

9.

MD

Notes: A code value of '1' denotes any service, including judicial, on the municipal or county level.

LST N-J STA OFC PRE-CONG

Location:

Start: 73
Width: 2

Variable Text: Last Non-Judicial State Office Held Prior to Service

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

None, none mentioned in BDAC or other sources

02.

Representative (House)

03..

Senator

04. .

Governor

05. .

Secretary of State, Assistant Secretary of State

06. .

Auditor

07. .

Lieutenant Governor

08. .

Treasurer

09. .

Attorney General, Assistant Attorney General

10. .

Comptroller

11. .

Court Reporter

12. .

Hearing Examiner

13. .

Secretary of Labor and Industry

14. .

Secretary of Agriculture

82. .

Chairman of Task Force

84. .

Commissioner

85. .

Governor's Staff

86. .

Council Member

87. .

Civil Servant

88. .

Board Member

89. .

Legislative Clerk

90. .

Commissioner

91. .

Court Reporter

92. .

State Superintendent of Schools

93. .

Commissioner

94. .

University Regent or Trustee

95. .

Warden

96. .

District Attorney

98. .

Adjutant General

-1. .

MD

LST N-J STA PRE-CN CLLPS

Location:

Start: 75
Width: 1

Variable Text: Collapsed Version of Last Non-Judicial State Office Prior to Service in the Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No state office mentioned in BDAC or other sources

1.

Some state office held.

9.

MD

Derivation

  • Description: This variable is the collapsed version of V30.

ANY STA PRE-CN CLLPS

Location:

Start: 76
Width: 1

Variable Text: Any State Office Held Prior to Service in Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No state office mentioned in BDAC or other sources

1.

Any state office, including state judgeship

(Coded '1' on V36)

9.

MD

LST N-J FED OFC PRE-CONG

Location:

Start: 77
Width: 2

Variable Text: Last Non-Judicial Federal Office Held Prior to Service

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

None, none mentioned in BDAC or other sources, unknown

01.

City Commandant

02. .

Food Administrator

03. .

President

04. .

Member of Continental Congress (includes elected but not sworn in)

05. .

Vice President

06. .

Territorial Delegate

07. .

Federal Staff (Non civil service)

08. .

Delegate to International Assemblies

65. .

Senate Clerk

69. .

Diplomatic Service except Secretary of State, ambassador, consul, and delegate to international assemblies

70. .

Cabinet Member Advisor

71. .

Treasurer, Asst. Treasurer

72. .

Territorial Governor, Cabinet Member or Civil Servant (includes Canal Zone)

73. .

Marshall, Asst. Marshall

74. .

Member, Director or President of Council, Board or Commission

75. .

Congressional Staff

76. .

Customs Agent

77. .

Comptroller

78. .

Civil Servant

79. .

Administrator, Deputy Administrator

80. .

Court Clerk

81. .

Commissioner

82. .

Consul

83. .

Indian Agent

84. .

Cabinet Member

85. .

U.S. Attorney

87. .

Appraiser

88. .

Tax Collector

89. .

Postmaster

90. .

Presidential Advisor

91. .

Minister

92. .

House Clerk

93. .

Pension Agent

94..

Ambassador

95. .

Land Registrar

96. .

Warden

97. .

Post Collector

98. .

Assistant Secretary, Acting Secretary

-1. .

MD

LST N-J FED PRE-CN CLLPS

Location:

Start: 79
Width: 1

Variable Text: Collapsed Version of Last Non-Judicial Federal Office Held

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No Federal office mentioned in BDAC or other sources

1.

Some Federal office held.

9.

MD

ANY FED PRE-CN CLLPS

Location:

Start: 80
Width: 1

Variable Text: Federal Office Held Prior to Service in Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No Federal office held, none mentioned in BDAC or other sources

1.

Any Federal office held, including Federal judgeships

(Coded '3', 5-9 on V36)

9.

MD

LAST JUDCL OFC PRE-CONG

Location:

Start: 81
Width: 2

Variable Text: Last Judicial Office Held Prior to Service in Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

NONE MENTIONED IN BDAC OR OTHER SOURCES

01.

STATE

02.

COUNTY

03.

FEDERAL DISTRICT COURT

04.

MUNICIPAL

05.

CUSTOMS COURT

06.

TAX COURT AND COURT OF MILITARY APPEALS

07.

CLAIMS COURT

08.

UNITED STATES SUPREME COURT

09.

UNITED STATES CIRCUIT COURT

-1.

MD

LST JUD PRE-CN CLLPS

Location:

Start: 83
Width: 1

Variable Text: Collapsed Version of Last Judicial Office Held Prior to Service

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

NO JUDICIAL OFFICE MENTIONED IN BDAC OR OTHER SOURCES

1.

SOME JUDICIAL OFFICE HELD

9.

MD

NUM LEVELS OF 5 : PRE-CONG

Location:

Start: 84
Width: 1

Variable Text: Number of Levels of Government Served in Prior to Service in Congress--Five Possible Levels  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

NONE

1.

ONE

2.

TWO

3.

THREE

4.

FOUR

5.

FIVE

9.

MD

Derivation

  • Description: This variable is obtained by counting the appropriate code values in V24, V27, V31, V34 and V37.

Notes: A Member's score is incremented by one if that individual served at the municipal level, at the county level, at the state level, at the federal level or in the judiciary. The highest possible code is five. Note that judicial offices are a separate level and are not included in the municipal, county, state, or federal categories.

NUM LEVELS OF 3 : PRE-CONG

Location:

Start: 85
Width: 1

Variable Text: Number of Levels of Government Served in Prior to Service in Congress--Three Possible Levels  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

NONE

1.

ONE

2.

TWO

3.

THREE

9.

MD

Derivation

  • Description: This variable is obtained by counting the code values in V29, V32, and V35.

Notes: A Member's score is incremented by one if that individual served at the local level, at the state level or at the federal level prior to any service in Congress. The highest possible score is three. Note that judicial offices are included in the local, state, and federal categories.

CONG OFFICE

Location:

Start: 86
Width: 1

Variable Text: SEQUENCE OF CONGRESSIONAL OFFICES HELD  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

SERVED IN HOUSE ONLY

2.

SERVED IN SENATE ONLY

3.

SERVED FIRST IN HOUSE, THEN IN SENATE

4.

SERVED FIRST IN SENATE, THEN IN HOUSE

9.

MD

Notes: Only the first occurrence of service in a chamber is taken account of in this variable. For example, a member who served first in the House, next in the Senate, and then again in the House would be coded 3 and not 4.

AGE WHEN FRST ENT CONG

Location:

Start: 87
Width: 2

Variable Text: AGE WHEN FIRST ENTERED CONGRESS  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

UNKNOWN

-1.

MD

Notes: This is a two digit variable that specifies the age of the individual at the time of first entry into Congress. (Date sworn in -- not date elected.) V101 gives the age at the beginning of the Congress of Record.

ATTAIN OFFICE

Location:

Start: 89
Width: 1

Variable Text: MOST RECENT MEANS OF ATTAINING CONGRESSIONAL OFFICE

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Regularly elected in a general election. This category includes Senators elected since the passage of the 17th amendment, and all regularly elected House Members, including those who won contested elections

2.

Elected in a special election, i.e., a replacement. Senators who were specially elected as replacements in the first or second Congress of a 6-year term, are coded '2' for the rest of the Congresses in the term.

3.

Elected by state legislature. This category includes all Senators elected before the 17th amendment took effect (1914), including replacement Senators, (except those appointed by the Governor).

5.

Appointed by Governor to fill vacancy (applicable only to Senators).

9.

MD

OCCUPANCY

Location:

Start: 90
Width: 2

Variable Text: OCCUPANCY IN THE CONGRESS OF RECORD  (link)

MEMBERS SEATED TWICE IN THE SAME CONGRESS - (use of these codes was discontinued after 100th Congress)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

Only occupant of the seat during the Congress.

Members elected (or appointed) as replacements are also coded 0 if the originally-elected Member was not seated in the Congress of Record, i.e., died or resigned between election day and the day Congress assembled. Members who died or resigned and were not replaced were coded '0'.

01.

First occupant of the seat.

If a Representative or Senator was seated in the Congress and subsequently died, resigned or lost a contested election and was replaced, he/she was assigned code value '1'.

02.

Second occupant of the seat in the Congress.

03.

Third occupant of the seat in the Congress.

04.

Fourth occupant of the seat in the Congress

05.

Elected but not seated, including those replacements who were not sworn in before Congress adjourned, and those who died or resigned before Congress assembled.

06.

Only occupant of the same seat during the Congress.

07.

First and subsequent occupant of the same seat during the Congress.

08.

Second and subsequent occupant of the same seat during the Congress.

09.

First occupant of the seat; subsequently occupant of a different seat during the Congress.

10.

Second occupant of the seat; subsequently occupant of a different seat during the Congress.

99.

MD

MEMBERS WHO CHANGED THEIR POLITICAL PARTY AFFILIATION - (use of these codes began with the 101st Congress)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

Only occupant of the seat during the Congress.

Members elected (or appointed) as replacements are also coded 0 if the originally-elected Member was not seated in the Congress of Record, i.e., died or resigned between election day and the day Congress assembled. Members who died or resigned and were not replaced were coded '0'.

01.

First occupant of the seat.

If a Representative or Senator was seated in the Congress and subsequently died, resigned or lost a contested election and was replaced, he/she was assigned code value '1'.

02.

Second occupant of the seat in the Congress.

03.

Third occupant of the seat in the Congress.

04.

Fourth occupant of the seat in the Congress

05.

Elected but not seated, including those replacements who were not sworn in before Congress adjourned, and those who died or resigned before Congress assembled.

11.

First party represented as the only occupant of the seat; subsequently represented a second party in the same seat in the Congress.

12.

Second party represented as the only occupant of the seat; previously represented a different party in the same seat in the Congress.

99.

MD

MEMBERS SEATED TWICE IN THE SAME CHAMBER - (use of these codes began with the 101st Congress)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

Only occupant of the seat during the Congress.

Members elected (or appointed) as replacements are also coded 0 if the originally-elected Member was not seated in the Congress of Record, i.e., died or resigned between election day and the day Congress assembled. Members who died or resigned and were not replaced were coded '0'.

01.

First occupant of the seat.

If a Representative or Senator was seated in the Congress and subsequently died, resigned or lost a contested election and was replaced, he/she was assigned code value '1'.

02.

Second occupant of the seat in the Congress.

03.

Third occupant of the seat in the Congress.

04.

Fourth occupant of the seat in the Congress

05.

Elected but not seated, including those replacements who were not sworn in before Congress adjourned, and those who died or resigned before Congress assembled.

21.

First occupant of the seat; subsequent occupant of a different seat.

29.

Third occupant of the seat; previous occupant of a different seat.

99.

MD

Notes: To reconstruct a Congress as it was first configured and exclude replacement members use this variable as a filter, including only those members coded 0, 1, 6, 7, 9, 11, or 21 -- first or only occupant of the seat during the Congress.

TERMINATION OF SERVICE

Location:

Start: 92
Width: 1

Variable Text: TERMINATION OF SERVICE  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

Member served in the next Congress in the same chamber.

1.

Member's subsequent service was in the same chamber but not in the Congress following the Congress of Record.

2.

Member served in the next Congress but in the other chamber.

3.

Member's subsequent service was in the other chamber but not in the Congress following the Congress of Record.

4.

Member's subsequent service was in the same Congress but in the other chamber.

5.

Member did not subsequently serve in Congress (as of the 104th Congress).

6.

Member was still serving in the 104th Congress.

7.

Member's subsequent service was in the same seat in the same Congress but representing a different political party.

8.

Member's subsequent service was in the same chamber of the same Congress but in a different seat

9.

MD

Notes: This variable documents for the Congress of Record, 1st - 104th Congresses, whether the member was elected to/served in the next or in subsequent Congresses or, for the 104th Congress, whether the member was still serving in the 104th. To access only the final record for a member, use this variable as a filter, including only those members coded 5 or 6-- member did not subsequently serve or was still serving in the 104th Congress. SEE NOTE 1 IN THE APPENDIX  (link)

1ST CNGS ELECTED

Location:

Start: 93
Width: 3

Variable Text: CONGRESS TO WHICH FIRST ELECTED OR APPOINTED  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

-1.

MD

Notes: THE ACTUAL CONGRESS NUMBER IS CODED HERE

YR FIRST ELCTD CONG

Location:

Start: 96
Width: 3

Variable Text: YEAR FIRST ELECTED TO CONGRESS  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

-1.

MD

Notes: This is a three digit variable that gives the year first elected to Congress. The leading '1' has been deleted from the date. The assumption was made that all Congresses were elected in the even numbered year preceding their assembly. For example, a member first elected to the 100th Congress -- 1/3/87 - 1/3/89 -- would be coded '986' since that was the year of election. Replacements would be coded for their first year of election as well. Variables V84-V86 document the month, day, and year a Member's service actually began in the Congress of Record.

YR LAST SVD CONG

Location:

Start: 99
Width: 3

Variable Text: LAST FULL YEAR OF SERVICE IN CONGRESS  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

999.

INAP., ACTIVE MEMBER STILL SERVING IN CONGRESS

-01.

MD

Notes: This is a three-digit variable that specifies the last year a member served in Congress. The value is the last three digits of the year, the leading '1' being deleted (i.e., '879' for 1879). Variables V87-V89 document the month, day, and year that service ended in the Congress of Record. For members who leave Congress after completing the term, the value for this variable is the year prior to that in which the Congress of Record ended. For members who leave Congress midterm (i.e., without completing the term), the value is the year in which the member left Congress. If a member retires, for example, at the end of a Congress (1/3/91), the member's record (and all previous records) would be coded 990. If a member leaves midterm (5/24/89), the member's records would be coded 989.

TTL YRS SVD CONG

Location:

Start: 102
Width: 2

Variable Text: TOTAL NUMBER OF YEARS SERVED IN CONGRESS  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

999.

INAP., ACTIVE MEMBER STILL SERVING IN CONGRESS

-01.

MD

Notes: This variable documents, for inactive members, the total number of years actually served in Congress. If service was interrupted, the inactive year(s) between active periods are not counted. V92, V95 and V97 document tenure and cumulative congressional service at the beginning and end of the Congress of Record. All fractions are rounded up to the next year.

WHY LEFT CONG LAST TIME

Location:

Start: 104
Width: 2

Variable Text: REASON FOR LEAVING CONGRESS FOR THE LAST TIME

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

UNKNOWN

01.

Either defeated in a general election, unseated, losing a contested election, or having an election declared void

02.

Was not renominated or lost in the primary

03.

Died in office

04.

Either did not seek reelection, retired, or not a candidate for renomination

05.

Sought other elective office

06.

Accepted Federal Office

08.

Either resigned, withdrew, or was expelled

09.

INAP., STILL SERVING IN CONGRESS

-1.

MD

FIRST HSE SVD

Location:

Start: 106
Width: 3

Variable Text: FIRST HOUSE IN WHICH MEMBER SERVED  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

000.

INAP., MEMBER HAS NOT SERVED IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

-01.

MD

Notes: This variable records the number of the Congress (83rd Congress, 84th Congress, etc.) in which the Members' first service in the House of Representatives occurred.

FST HSE-SCND CNTG SVCE

Location:

Start: 109
Width: 3

Variable Text: First House in Which the Member Served, Contiguous to the Congress of Record  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

000.

INAP., Member did not serve in the House of Representatives prior to or including the Congress of Record.

-1.

MD

Notes: This variable records the Congress number contiguous to the Congress of Record in which the Member's first service in the House of Representatives occurred up to and including the Congress of Record. It is useful for identifying and examining the records of Members whose House service has been interrupted. If the Member's House service has not been interrupted, the value for this variable is the same as that for v50. If the Member's House service has been interrupted, this would be shown in the different values of v50 and V51. V51 would indicate the Congress in which the Member returned to the House. For example, if a Member served in the House in the 34th through 38th Congresses, the Member's record for each Congress served in would be coded '34' since service was never interrupted. If a Member served in the 94th and 95th House, had no service in the 96th, and was re-elected to the 97th-99th Houses, he/she would be coded '94' in the 94th-95th records and '97' in the 97th-99th records.

YR FIRST ELCTD HOUSE

Location:

Start: 112
Width: 3

Variable Text: YEAR ELECTED TO HOUSE FOR THE FIRST TIME  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

000.

INAP., The Member has not served in the House of Representatives

-01.

MD

Notes: This is a three-digit variable that gives the year first elected to the House. The leading '1' has been deleted from the date. The assumption was made that all Houses were elected in the even numbered year preceding their assembly. For example, a Member first elected to the 100th House -- 1/3/87 - 1/3/89 -- would be coded '986' since that was the year of the election. Replacements would be coded for their first year of election as well. Variables V84-V86 document the month, day, and year a Member's service actually began in the Congress of Record.

YR LAST SVD HOUSE

Location:

Start: 115
Width: 3

Variable Text: LAST FULL YEAR OF SERVICE IN HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

998.

INAP., HAS NOT SERVED IN HOUSE

999.

INAP., STILL SERVING IN THE HOUSE

-01.

MD

Notes: This three digit variable specifies the last year a Member served in the House of Representatives. The value given for this variable is the last three digits of the year (i.e., 897 for 1897). For members who leave Congress after completing the term, the value for this variable is the year prior to that in which the Congress of Record ended. For members who leave Congress midterm (i.e., without completing the term), the value is the year in which the member left Congress. If a member retires, for example, at the end of a Congress (1/3/91), the member's record (and all previous records) would be coded 990. If a member leaves midterm (5/24/89), the member's records would be coded 989.

TTL YRS SVD HOUSE

Location:

Start: 118
Width: 2

Variable Text: TOTAL NUMBER OF YEARS SERVED IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

HAS NOT SERVED IN THE HOUSE

99.

INAP., STILL SERVING IN THE HOUSE

-1.

MD

Notes: This variable takes into account all years of House service (includes non-contiguous service) for Members who are no longer active in the House. All fractions are rounded up to the next full year. For active members, cumulative House service at the beginning and end of the Congress of Record is documented in variables V93 and V96.

WHY LEFT HOUSE LAST TIME

Location:

Start: 120
Width: 2

Variable Text: REASON FOR LEAVING THE HOUSE FOR THE LAST TIME

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

INAP., THE MEMBER SERVED ONLY IN THE SENATE

01.

Either defeated in a general election, unseated, losing a contested election, or having an election declared void

02.

WAS NOT RENOMINATED OR LOST IN THE PRIMARY

03.

DIED IN OFFICE

04.

EITHER DID NOT SEEK REELECTION, RETIRED, OR NOT A CANDIDATE FOR RENOMINATION

05.

SOUGHT OTHER ELECTIVE OFFICE

06.

ACCEPTED FEDERAL OFFICE

07.

ELECTED OR APPOINTED TO THE SENATE

08.

EITHER RESIGNED, WITHDREW OR WAS EXPELLED

09.

STILL SERVING IN THE HOUSE

10.

DUE TO ILLNESS, SEAT DECLARED VACANT

-1.

MD

TTL YRS HOUSE / PRE-SNTE

Location:

Start: 122
Width: 2

Variable Text: TOTAL YEARS SERVED IN THE HOUSE PRIOR TO ENTERING SENATE  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

SENATORS WITH NO HOUSE SERVICE OR INACTIVE REPRESENTATIVES WITH NO SENATE SERVICE

99.

INAP., ACTIVE REPRESENTATIVE STILL SERVING IN THE HOUSE

-1.

MD

Notes: This variable is a two digit code for Senators who had House service prior to their entering the Senate. A member who served first in the House, next in the Senate, and then again in the House has only the years of House service before entering the Senate coded. All fractions are rounded up to the next full year.

FST SNTE SVD

Location:

Start: 124
Width: 3

Variable Text: FIRST SENATE IN WHICH MEMBER SERVED  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

000.

INAP., MEMBER HAS NOT SERVED IN THE SENATE

-01.

MD

Notes: This variable records the number of the Congress in which the Member's first service in the Senate occurred, up to and including the Congress of Record.

FST SNTE-SCND CNTG SVCE

Location:

Start: 127
Width: 3

Variable Text: FIRST SENATE IN WHICH MEMBER SERVED, CONTIGUOUS TO CONGRESS OF RECORD  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

000.

INAP., MEMBER DID NOT SERVE IN THE SENATE PRIOR TO AND INCLUDING THE CONGRESS OF RECORD

-01.

Notes: This variable records the Congress number contiguous to the Congress of Record in which the Member's first service in the Senate occurred up to and including the Congress of Record. It is useful for identifying and examining the records of Members whose Senate service has been interrupted. If the Member's Senate service has not been interrupted, the value for this variable is the same as that for V57. If the Member's Senate service has been interrupted, this would be shown in the different values of V57 and V58. V58 would indicate the Congress in which the Member returned to the Senate. For example, if a Member served in the Senate in the 34th through 39th Congresses, the Member's record for each Congress served in would be coded '34' since service was never interrupted. If a Member served in the 94th through 96th Senates, was not re-elected to the 97th, and subsequently was elected/appointed to the 100th Senate, he/she would be coded '94' in the 94-96th records and '100' in the 100th and any subsequent records. One exception to different values in V57 and V58 indicating interrupted service is for Senators with prior House service. For example, a member who served in the 89th through 92nd House, and won election to the Senate for the term starting in the 93rd Congress, the 89th-92nd records would be coded '0' for this variable, while the 93rd and any subsequent records would be coded '93'.

YR FIRST ELCTD SENATE

Location:

Start: 130
Width: 3

Variable Text: YEAR FIRST ELECTED TO SENATE  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

000.

IANP., MEMBER HAS NOT SERVED IN SENATE

-01.

MD

Notes: This is a three digit variable that gives the year first elected to Senate. The leading '1' has been deleted from the date. The assumption was made that all Senates were elected in the even numbered year preceding their assembly. For example, a Member first elected to the 100th Senate -- 1/3/87 - 1/3/89 -- would be coded '986' since that was the year of election. Replacements would be coded for their first year of election as well. Variables V84-V86 document the month, day and year a Member's service actually began in the Congress of Record.

YR LAST SVD SENATE

Location:

Start: 133
Width: 3

Variable Text: LAST FULL YEAR OF SERVICE IN THE SENATE  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

998.

IANP., MEMBER HAS NOT SERVED IN THE SENATE

999.

INAP., MEMBER IS STILL SERVING IN THE SENATE

-01.

MD

Notes: This is a three digit variable that indicates the last year a Member served in the Senate. The last three digits of the year are coded (i.e., 897 for 1897) For members who leave Congress after completing the term, the value for this variable is the year prior to that in which the Congress of Record ended. For members who leave Congress midterm (i.e., without completing the term), the value is the year in which the member left Congress. If a member retires, for example, at the end of a Congress (1/3/91), the member's record (and all previous records) would be coded 990. If a member leaves midterm (5/24/89), the member's records would be coded 989.

TTL YRS SVD SENATE

Location:

Start: 136
Width: 2

Variable Text: TOTAL NUMBER OF YEARS SERVED IN THE SENATE  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

MEMBER HAS NOT SERVED IN THE SENATE

99.

INAP., MEMBER IS STILLS SERVING IN THE SENATE

-1.

MD

Notes: This variable takes into account all years of Senate service (includes non-contiguous service) for Members who are no longer active in the Senate. All fractions are rounded up to the next full year. For active Senators, cumulative service at the beginning and end of the Congress of Record is documented in V94 and V97.

WHY LEFT SENATE LAST TIM

Location:

Start: 138
Width: 2

Variable Text: REASON FOR LEAVING THE SENATE FOR THE LAST TIME

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

INAP., Unknown or served only in the House

01.

Either defeated in a general election, unseated, losing a contested election, or having an election declared void

02.

Was not renominated or lost in the primary

03.

DIED IN OFFICE

04.

Either did not seek reelection, retired, or not a candidate for renomination

05.

SOUGHT OTHER ELECTIVE OFFICE

06.

ACCEPTED FEDERAL OFFICE

07.

ELECTED TO THE HOUSE

08.

EITHER RESIGNED, WITHDREW OR WAS EXPELLED

09.

STILL SERVING IN THE SENATE

-1.

MD

NO. CONG. SVD-HSE

Location:

Start: 140
Width: 2

Variable Text: Cumulative Number of Terms Served in the House--Excluding Terms Not Seated  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

Member was not seated in or elected to the House prior to or in the Congress of Record.

-1.

MD

Notes: This variable indicates the number of Houses in which the Member served, up to and including this House. A Congress to which a Member was elected but not seated (V43 coded '5') is not counted in the total. The prior service variables (V63 and V64) are current for the House and Senate up to and including the Congress of Record. A Member's service in a chamber is coded '00' until the Congress in which he/she actually begins serving in that chamber. See V99 for an analogous variable that is the count of all Houses to which the Member was elected, including those in which Member was not seated.

NO. CONG. SVD-SNTE

Location:

Start: 142
Width: 2

Variable Text: Cumulative Number of Senates Served--Excluding Terms Not Seated  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

Member was not elected and seated in the Senate prior to or in the Congress of Record.

-1.

MD

Notes: Number of Senates that the Member served, up to and including this Senate. A Congress for which a Member was elected but not seated (V43 coded '5') is not counted in the total see V63). See V100 for an analogous variable that includes all Senates, regardless of whether the Senator was sworn in.

FIRST OCC PST-CNG

Location:

Start: 144
Width: 2

Variable Text: First Major Non-Public Service Occupation Subsequent to Service in Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

Either none mentioned in BDAC or other sources, unknown, or no non-public service.

01.

Retired

02. .

Secondary School Teacher

03. .

High School Administrator

04. .

College Administrator

05. .

College Professor

10. .

Lawyer

11. .

Doctor/Dentist/Veterinarian

12. .

Journalist/Publisher

13. .

Minister/Priest

14. .

Architect/Urban Planner

15. .

Librarian

16. .

Accountant/Economist

17. .

Engineer

18. .

Social Worker

19. .

Mortician

20. .

Actor

21. .

Professional Athlete

30. .

Soldier

31. .

Surveyor

40. .

Radio and Television

41. .

Public Relations, Lobbyist

42. .

Advertising

43. .

Salaried Political Party Officer

50. .

Business (Transportation)

51. .

Business (Investments)

52. .

Business (Contractor)

53. .

Business (Manufacturer)

54. .

Business (Agriculture/Farming)

55. .

Business (Banking)

56. .

Business (Retailing)

57. .

Business (Mining/Petroleum)

58. .

Business (Real Estate)

59. .

Business (Insurance)

60. .

Business (Unspecified)

62. .

Charity Organizer

69. .

Tailor

70. .

Laborer

71. .

Union Officer

72. .

Slave

80. .

Author

90. .

Hospital Administrator

98. .

Died in office

99. .

INAP., Still serving in Congress

-1. .

MD

FST N-J MUN OFC PST-CONG

Location:

Start: 146
Width: 2

Variable Text: First Municipal Office Held Subsequent to Service in Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

NONE MENTIONED IN BDAC OR IN OTHER SOURCES OR UNKNOWN

01.

CITY TREASURER

02.

CITY COUNCIL

03.

MAYOR

04.

SCHOOL COMMISSIONER / SCHOOL BOARD

05.

COMMISSIONER

06.

CITY CLERK

07.

BOROUGH PRESIDENT

93.

BOARD MEMBER OR SELECTMAN

94.

CIVIL SERVANT

95.

ASSESSOR

96.

JUSTICE OF THE PEACE

97.

CITY ATTORNEY

99.

INAP., STILL SERVING IN CONGRESS

-1.

MD

FST N-J MUN PST CLLPS

Location:

Start: 148
Width: 2

Variable Text: Collapsed Version of First Municipal Office Subsequent to Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

No service in a municipal office mentioned in BDAC or in other sources or unknown

01.

Some municipal office was held

02.

INAP., Still serving in Congress

-1.

MD

ANY MUN POST CLLPS

Location:

Start: 150
Width: 2

Variable Text: Any Municipal Office Held Subsequent to Service in Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

No service in a municipal office was mentioned in BDAC or in other sources or unknown

01.

Some service in a municipal office, including municipal judgeship

02.

INAP., Still serving in Congress

-1.

MD

FST N-J CTY OFC PST-CONG

Location:

Start: 152
Width: 2

Variable Text: First Non-Judicial County Office Held Subsequent to Service in Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

NONE MENTIONED IN BDAC OR IN OTHER SOURCES OR UNKNOWN

01.

COUNTY ATTORNEY, PROSECUTING ATTORNEY

02.

CLERK

03.

SHERIFF

04.

COMMISSIONER

05.

REGISTER OF DEEDS

06.

ASSESSOR

07.

AUDITOR

08.

TREASURER

09.

SURVEYOR

10.

CORONER

11.

SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS

12.

PROBATION OFFICER

13.

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATOR

94.

BOARD MEMBER

95.

CIVIL SERVANT

96.

SURROGATE

97.

PROBATION OFFICER

98.

JAIL INSPECTOR

99.

INAP., STILL SERVING IN CONGRESS

-1.

MD

ANY MUN PST-CN CLLPS

Location:

Start: 154
Width: 2

Variable Text: Collapsed Version of First Non-Judicial County Subsequent to Service in Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

No holding of a county office mentioned in BDAC or or in other sources or unknown

01.

Some county office was held

02.

INAP., still serving in Congress

-1.

MD

ANY CTY PST-CN CLLPS

Location:

Start: 156
Width: 2

Variable Text: Any County Office Held Subsequent to Service in Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

No holding of a county office mentioned in BDAC or or in other sources or unknown

01.

Some county office was held, including county judgeship

02.

INAP., still serving in Congress

-1.

MD

ANY LOCAL OFC PST-CONG

Location:

Start: 158
Width: 2

Variable Text: Any Local Office Held Subsequent to Service in Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

No local office mentioned in BDAC or in other sources or unknown

01.

Any local office

02.

INAP., still serving in Congress

-1.

MD

FST N-J STA OFC PST-CONG

Location:

Start: 160
Width: 2

Variable Text: First Non-Judicial State Office Held Subsequent to Service in Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

None or unknown

02.

Representative (House)

03. .

Senator

04. .

Governor

05. .

Secretary of State

06. .

Auditor

07. .

Lt. Governor

08. .

Treasurer

09. .

Attorney General, Assistant Attorney General

10. .

Comptroller

11. .

Court Reporter

12. .

Hearing Examiner

84. .

Commissioner

85. .

Governor's Staff

86. .

Council Member

87. .

Civil Servant

88. .

Board Member

89. .

Legislative Clerk

90. .

Commissioner

91. .

Court Reporter

92. .

State Superintendent of Schools

93. .

Commissioner

94. .

University Regent or Trustee

95. .

Warden

96. .

District Attorney

98. .

Adjutant General

99. .

INAP., still serving in Congress

-1. .

MD

FST N-J STA PST-CN CLLPS

Location:

Start: 162
Width: 2

Variable Text: Collapsed Version for First Non-Judicial State Office Subsequent to Service in Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

No state office mentioned in BDAC or in other sources or unknown

01.

Some state office held.

02.

INAP., still serving in Congress

-1.

MD

Derivation

  • Description:

ANY STA PST-CN CLLPS

Location:

Start: 164
Width: 2

Variable Text: Any State Office Held Subsequent to Service in Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

No state office mentioned in BDAC or in other sources or unknown

01.

Any state office, including state judgeship

(coded '1' on V36).

02.

INAP., still serving in Congress

-1.

MD

FST N-J FED OFC PST-CONG

Location:

Start: 166
Width: 2

Variable Text: First Federal Office Held Subsequent to Service in Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

None mentioned in BDAC or in other sources or unknown

01.

City Commandant

02. .

Food Administrator

03. .

President

05. .

Vice President

06. .

Territorial Delegate

07. .

Federal Staff (non Civil Service)

08. .

Delegate to International Assemblies

70. .

Cabinet Member Advisor

75. .

Congressional Staff

76. .

Customs Agent

77. .

Comptroller

78. .

Civil Servant

79. .

Administrator

80. .

Court Clerk

81. .

Commissioner

82. .

Consul

83. .

Indian Agent

84. .

Cabinet Member

85. .

U.S. Attorney

86. .

Commissioner

87. .

Appraiser

88. .

Tax Collector

89. .

Postmaster

90. .

Presidential Advisor

91. .

Minister

92. .

House Clerk

93. .

Pension Agent

94. .

Ambassador

95. .

Land Registrar

96. .

Warden

97. .

Post Collector

98. .

Assistant Secretary, Acting Secretary

99. .

INAP., still serving in Congress

-1. .

MD

FST N-J FED PST-CN CLLPS

Location:

Start: 168
Width: 2

Variable Text: Collapsed Version of First Federal Office Held Subsequent to Service in Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

No Federal Office mentioned in BDAC or in other sources or unknown

01.

Some Federal Office held.

02.

INAP., still serving in Congress

-1. .

MD

Derivation

  • Description:

ANY FED PST-CN CLLPS

Location:

Start: 170
Width: 2

Variable Text: Any Federal Office Held Subsequent to Service in Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

No Federal Office held or unknown

01.

Any Federal Office held, including federal judgeships (coded 3, 5-9 in V79).

02.

INAP., still serving in Congress

-1. .

MD

FIRST JDL OFC PST-CONG

Location:

Start: 172
Width: 2

Variable Text: First Judicial Office Held Subsequent to Service in Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

NONE MENTIONED IN BDAC OR IN OTHER SOURCES OR UNKNOWN

01.

STATE

02.

COUNTY

03.

FEDERAL DISTRICT COURT

04.

MUNICIPAL

05.

CUSTOMS COURT

06.

TAX COURT AND COURT OF MILITARY APPEALS

07.

CLAIMS COURT

08.

UNITED STATES SUPREME COURT

09.

UNITED STATES CIRCUIT COURT

99.

INAP., still serving in Congress

-1. .

MD

FST JUD PST-CN CLLPS

Location:

Start: 174
Width: 2

Variable Text: Collapsed Version of First Judicial Office Held Subsequent to Service in Congress

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

No judicial office mentioned in BDAC or in other sources or none mentioned

01.

Some judicial office held

02.

INAP., still serving in Congress

-1. .

MD

Derivation

  • Description:

NUM LEVELS OF 5:PST-CONG

Location:

Start: 176
Width: 2

Variable Text: Number of Levels of Government Served in, Subsequent to Service in Congress - Five Possible Levels

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

NONE

01.

ONE

02.

TWO

03.

THREE

04.

FOUR

05.

FIVE

06.

INAP., still serving in Congress

-1. .

MD

Derivation

  • Description: This variable is obtained by counting the appropriate code values in V66, V70, V74, V77, and V80.

NUM LEVELS OF 3:PST-CONG

Location:

Start: 178
Width: 2

Variable Text: Number of Levels of Government Served in, Subsequent to Service in Congress - Three Possible Levels

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

NONE

01.

ONE

02.

TWO

03.

THREE

04.

INAP., still serving in Congress

-1. .

MD

Derivation

  • Description: This variable is obtained by counting the code values in V72, V75, and V78.

WHY LEFT THIS CONG

Location:

Start: 180
Width: 2

Variable Text: Why Left This Congress  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

Won reelection or served in next Congress

01. .

Either defeated in general election, unseated, lost contested election, or election declared void

02. .

Defeated in primary

03. .

Died in office

04. .

Did not seek reelection, retired, or was not a candidate for renomination

05. .

Sought or accepted other office

06. .

Accepted Federal Office

07. .

Went to Senate

08. .

Resigned, withdrew, or expelled

09. .

INAP., still serving in Congress (104th Congress only)

10. .

Unknown

11. .

Continued to serve in the same seat but with a different political party affiliation

12. .

Switched to a different seat in the same chamber

-1. .

MD

Notes: This variable documents why the member left the Congress of record either at mid-term or at the end of the term, whichever is appropriate.

MONTH ENT

Location:

Start: 182
Width: 2

Variable Text: MONTH ENTERED THIS CONGRESS  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

01.

JANUARY

02.

FEBRUARY

03.

MARCH

04.

APRIL

05.

MAY

06.

JUNE

07.

JULY

08.

AUGUST

09.

SEPTEMBER

10.

OCTOBER

11.

NOVEMBER

12.

DECEMBER

-1.

MD

Notes: A two digit variable representing the month a Member's service began in the Congress of Record. If the month is unknown, '06' was entered. Missing data codes could result from an entry error.

DAY ENTER

Location:

Start: 184
Width: 2

Variable Text: DAY ENTERED THIS CONGRESS  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

01.

THE FIRST OF THE MONTH

02.

THE SECOND OF THE MONTH

03.

04.

05.

06.

07.

08.

09.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

29.

30.

31.

THE THRITY-FIRST OF THE MONTH

-1.

MD

Notes: A two digit variable indicating the day of the month that a Member entered the Congress of Record. If the exact day is unknown, '15' was entered. Missing data could result from an entry error. The actual date is coded.

YR ENTER

Location:

Start: 186
Width: 3

Variable Text: YEAR ENTERED THIS CONGRESS  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

-1.

MD

Notes: A three digit variable indicating the year a Member entered the Congress of Record. The year is coded as its last three digits (i.e., '897' for 1897). Missing data could result from either entry error or no mention in BDAC or in other sources

MONTH LEFT

Location:

Start: 189
Width: 2

Variable Text: MONTH LEFT THIS CONGRESS  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

01.

JANUARY

02.

FEBRUARY

03.

MARCH

04.

APRIL

05.

MAY

06.

JUNE

07.

JULY

08.

AUGUST

09.

SEPTEMBER

10.

OCTOBER

11.

NOVEMBER

12.

DECEMBER

-1.

MD

Notes: A two digit variable indicating the month that a Member left the Congress of Record. If the exact month is unknown, '06' was entered. Missing data could result from an entry error. Members still serving in the 104th Congress are coded '1' in their last record.

DAY LEFT

Location:

Start: 191
Width: 2

Variable Text: DAY LEFT THIS CONGRESS  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

01.

THE FIRST OF THE MONTH

02.

THE SECOND OF THE MONTH

03.

04.

05.

06.

07.

08.

09.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

29.

30.

31.

THE THRITY-FIRST OF THE MONTH

-1.

MD

Notes: A two digit variable indicating the day a Member left the Congress of Record. If the exact day is unknown, a '15' was entered. Missing data can result from an entry error. Members still serving in the 104th Congress are coded '3' in their last record.

YR LEFT

Location:

Start: 193
Width: 3

Variable Text: YEAR LEFT THIS CONGRESS  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

-01.

MD

Notes: This three digit variable indicates the year a Member left the Congress of Record. The year is coded with the leading '1' omitted. Missing data could result from either an entry error or lack of data in BDAC or in other sources. Members still serving in the 104th Congress are coded '997' in their last record.

ALPHA STATE

Location:

Start: 196
Width: 2

Variable Text: ALPHABETIC ABBREVIATION FOR STATE REPRESENTED IN THE CONGRESS

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

AL.

ALABAMA

AK.

ALASKA

AZ.

ARIZONA

AR.

ARKANSAS

CA.

CALIFORNIA

CO.

COLORADO

CT.

CONNECTICUT

DE.

DELAWARE

FL.

FLORIDA

GA.

GEORGIA

HI.

HAWAII

ID.

IDAHO

IL.

ILLINOIS

IN.

INDIANA

IA.

IOWA

KS.

KANSAS

KY.

KENTUCKY

LA.

LOUISIANA

ME.

MAINE

MD.

MARYLAND

MA.

MASSACHUSETTS

MI.

MICHIGAN

MN.

MINNESOTA

MS.

MISSISSIPPI

MO.

MISSOURI

MT.

MONTANA

NE.

NEBRASKA

NV.

NEVADA

NH.

NEW HAMPSHIRE

NJ.

NEW JERSEY

NM.

NEW MEXICO

NY.

NEW YORK

NC.

NORTH CAROLINA

ND.

NORTH DAKOTA

OH.

OHIO

OK.

OKLAHOMA

OR.

OREGON

PA.

PENNSYLVANIA

RI.

RHODE ISLAND

SC.

SOUTH CAROLINA

SD.

SOUTH DAKOTA

TN.

TENNESSEE

TX.

TEXAS

UT.

UTAH

VT.

VERMONT

VA.

VIRGINIA

WA.

WASHINGTON

WV.

WEST VIRGINIA

WI.

WISCONSIN

WY.

WYOMING

ALPHA PARTY

Location:

Start: 198
Width: 4

Variable Text: ALPHABETIC ABBREVIATION FOR PARTY REPRESENTED IN CONGRESS OF RECORD  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

FED.

FEDERALIST (0001)

AFED.

ANTI-FEDERALIST (0010)

JEFD.

JEFFERSON DEMOCRAT (0011)

NREP.

NATIONAL REPUBLICAN (0025)

WHIG.

WHIG (0029)

SRD.

STATE RIGHTS DEMOCRAT (0046)

DEM.

DEMOCRAT (0100)

JACD.

JACKSON DEMOCRAT (0101)

REP.

REPUBLICAN (0200)

UNIN.

UNIONIST (0206)

UREP.

UNITED REPUBLICAN (0212)

AMER.

AMERICAN (0310)

UKN.

UNKNOWN (9000)

Notes: A four character code that provides an alphabetic abbreviation for those political parties that sent a combined total of at least fifty of their Members to Congress during the period 1789-1989. The same numeric code values listed in variable V6 are repeated in this variable for those minor parties that sent less than fifty of their Members to Congress. Above are the abbreviations, the party, and in parentheses the ICPSR Party Code from V6.

TENURE IN THIS CONG

Location:

Start: 202
Width: 4

Variable Text: LENGTH OF SERVICE IN THIS CONGRESS / CHAMBER  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0001.

LESS THAN 1 MONTH

0083.

ONE MONTH

0167.

TWO MONTHS

0250.

THREE MONTHS

0333.

FOUR MONTHS

0417.

FIVE MONTHS

0500.

SIX MONTHS

0583.

SEVEN MONTHS

0667.

EIGHT MONTHS

0750.

NINE MONTHS

0833.

TEN MONTHS

0917.

ELEVEN MONTHS

1000.

ONE YEAR

0000.

MD

Derivation

  • Description: This variable was derived from V84, V86, V87, and V89. When only the year a member entered/left a Congress was known, tenure was calculated using June of the year in question as the enter/leave date. Members still serving in the 104th Congress are coded as if they have completed their terms in the 104th Congress. For example, a person entering the 104rd Congress on 1/3/95 is coded 02000 on his/her 104th record.

Notes: This four digit variable (that includes 3 implied decimal places), documents the length of service in the Congress of Record in number and fraction of years. The fractional parts of a year are listed below. A Member who served one year and seven months in a Congress is coded '1583', for example. A full term is coded '2000'. The first column is for whole numbers; the last three express a fraction.

BEG CUM H SERV

Location:

Start: 206
Width: 5

Variable Text: CUMULATIVE HOUSE SERVICE AS OF THE BEGINNING OF THE CONGRESS OF RECORD  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00000.

DID NOT SERVE IN THE HOUSE PRIOR TO THE CONGRESS OF RECORD

00001.

LESS THAN 1 MONTH

00083.

ONE MONTH

00167.

TWO MONTHS

00250.

THREE MONTHS

00333.

FOUR MONTHS

00417.

FIVE MONTHS

00500.

SIX MONTHS

00583.

SEVEN MONTHS

00667.

EIGHT MONTHS

00750.

NINE MONTHS

00833.

TEN MONTHS

00917.

ELEVEN MONTHS

1000.

ONE YEAR

-1000.

MD

Notes: This five digit field records the total length of service (in years) in the House of Representatives as of the beginning of each Congress. The first two columns are for whole numbers; the last three are implied decimal places. A full Congress is coded '02000'. The fractional parts of a year are listed above.

BEG CUM S SERV

Location:

Start: 211
Width: 5

Variable Text: CUMULATIVE SENATE SERVICE AS OF THE BEGINNING OF THE CONGRESS OF RECORD  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00000.

DID NOT SERVE IN THE SENATE PRIOR TO THE CONGRESS OF RECORD

00001.

LESS THAN 1 MONTH

00083.

ONE MONTH

00167.

TWO MONTHS

00250.

THREE MONTHS

00333.

FOUR MONTHS

00417.

FIVE MONTHS

00500.

SIX MONTHS

00583.

SEVEN MONTHS

00667.

EIGHT MONTHS

00750.

NINE MONTHS

00833.

TEN MONTHS

00917.

ELEVEN MONTHS

-1000.

MD

Notes: This five digit field records the total length of service (in years) in the Senate as of the beginning of each Congress. The first two columns are for whole numbers; the last three are implied decimal places. For example, a Member who served one year and seven months in a Congress is coded '01583'; a Member who served one term and four months is coded '02333'. The fractional parts of a year are listed above.

BEG CUM CONG SERV

Location:

Start: 216
Width: 5

Variable Text: CUMULATIVE CONGRESSIONAL SERVICE AS OF THE BEGINNING OF THE CONGRESS OF RECORD  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00000.

DID NOT SERVE IN CONGRESS PRIOR TO THE CONGRESS OF RECORD

00001.

LESS THAN 1 MONTH

00083.

ONE MONTH

00167.

TWO MONTHS

00250.

THREE MONTHS

00333.

FOUR MONTHS

00417.

FIVE MONTHS

00500.

SIX MONTHS

00583.

SEVEN MONTHS

00667.

EIGHT MONTHS

00750.

NINE MONTHS

00833.

TEN MONTHS

00917.

ELEVEN MONTHS

-1000.

MD

Notes: This five digit field documents the length of service (in years) in Congress as of the beginning of each Congress. The first two columns are for whole numbers; the last three are implied decimal places. A Member who served for example, five terms and two months is coded '10167'.

END CUM H SERV

Location:

Start: 221
Width: 5

Variable Text: CUMULATIVE HOUSE SERVICE AS OF THE END OF THE CONGRESS OF RECORD  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00000.

DID NOT SERVE IN THE HOUSE PRIOR TO OR IN THE CONGRESS OF RECORD

00001.

LESS THAN 1 MONTH

00083.

ONE MONTH

00167.

TWO MONTHS

00250.

THREE MONTHS

00333.

FOUR MONTHS

00417.

FIVE MONTHS

00500.

SIX MONTHS

00583.

SEVEN MONTHS

00667.

EIGHT MONTHS

00750.

NINE MONTHS

00833.

TEN MONTHS

00917.

ELEVEN MONTHS

-1000.

MD

Notes: This variable documents the length of service (in years) in the House at the end of the Congress of Record. The first two columns are for whole numbers; the last three are implied decimal places. See variable V92 through V95 for examples. Representatives still serving in the 104th Congress are coded as if they have completed their terms in the 104th Congress (i.e., in their 104th record, V96 = V93 + V92).

END CUM S SERV

Location:

Variable Text: CUMULATIVE SENATE SERVICE AS OF THE END OF THE CONGRESS OF RECORD  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00000.

DID NOT SERVE IN THE HOUSE PRIOR TO OR IN THE CONGRESS OF RECORD

00001.

LESS THAN 1 MONTH

00083.

ONE MONTH

00167.

TWO MONTHS

00250.

THREE MONTHS

00333.

FOUR MONTHS

00417.

FIVE MONTHS

00500.

SIX MONTHS

00583.

SEVEN MONTHS

00667.

EIGHT MONTHS

00750.

NINE MONTHS

00833.

TEN MONTHS

00917.

ELEVEN MONTHS

-1000.

MD

Notes: This variable documents the length of service (in years) in the Senate at the end of the Congress of Record. The first two columns are for whole numbers; the last three are implied decimal places. See variables V92 through V95 for examples. Senators still serving in the 104th Congress are coded as if they have completed their terms in the 104th Congress (i.e., in their 104th record, V97 = V94 + V92).

END CUM CONG SERV

Location:

Start: 231
Width: 5

Variable Text: CUMULATIVE CONGRESSIONAL SERVICE AS OF THE END OF THE CONGRESS OF RECORD  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00001.

LESS THAN 1 MONTH

00083.

ONE MONTH

00167.

TWO MONTHS

00250.

THREE MONTHS

00333.

FOUR MONTHS

00417.

FIVE MONTHS

00500.

SIX MONTHS

00583.

SEVEN MONTHS

00667.

EIGHT MONTHS

00750.

NINE MONTHS

00833.

TEN MONTHS

00917.

ELEVEN MONTHS

-1000.

MD

Notes: This variable documents the Member's cumulative Congressional service (in years) at the end of the Congress of Record. The first two columns are for whole numbers; the last three are implied decimal places. See variables V92 through V95 for examples. Members still serving in the 104th Congress are coded as if they have completed their terms in the 104th Congress (i.e., in their 104th record, V98 = V95 + V92).

NO H SERVED

Location:

Start: 236
Width: 2

Variable Text: CUMULATIVE NUMBER OF TERMS SERVED IN THE HOUSE AS OF THE CONGRESS OF RECORD  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

MEMBER DID NOT SERVE IN THE HOUSE PRIOR TO OR IN THE CONGRESS OF RECORD

01.

SERVED ONCE

02.

SERVED TWICE

03.

04.

05.

06.

07.

08.

09.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

29.

30.

SERVED IN THIRTY CONGRESSES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

-1.

MD

Notes: This variable counts all Congresses in which there was service in the House of Representatives, including the Congress of Record, even if the member was not seated (see variable V63).

NO S SERV

Location:

Start: 238
Width: 2

Variable Text: CUMULATIVE NUMBER OF TERMS SERVED IN THE SENATE AS OF THE CONGRESS OF RECORD  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

00.

MEMBER DID NOT SERVE IN THE SENATE PRIOR TO OR IN THE CONGRESS OF RECORD

01.

MEMBER SERVED ONCE

02.

MEMBER SERVED TWICE

03.

04.

05.

06.

07.

08.

09.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

29.

30.

SERVED IN THIRTY CONGRESSES IN THE SENATE

-1.

MD

Notes: This variable counts all Congresses in which there was service in the Senate, including the Congress of Record, even if the Member was not seated (see variable V64).

AGE BEG THIS CONG

Location:

Start: 240
Width: 2

Variable Text: AGE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE CONGRESS OF RECORD  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

-1.

MD

Notes: This variable documents a Member's age when he or she is sworn into the Congress of Record.

ICPSR STUDY NUMBER

Location:

Start: 242
Width: 4

Variable Text: ICPSR STUDY NUMBER  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

7803.

Notes: THE ICPSR HAS ATTACHED THIS NUMBER AS A STUDY IDENTIFICATION NUMBER

ICPSR VERSION NUMBER

Location:

Start: 246
Width: 2

Variable Text: ICPSR VERSION NUMBER  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

10.

TENTH EDITION, JULY 1997

Notes: THIS IS THE TENTH ICPSR EDITION OF THIS STUDY

ICPSR PART NUMBER

Location:

Start: 248
Width: 1

Variable Text: ICPSR PART NUMBER  (link)

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

PART ONE

Notes: THE ENTIRE STUDY IS CONTAINED IN ONE PART

Other Study-Related Materials

Label:

APPENDIX: NOTE1

Text:

Employing the termination-of-service or filter variable (V44) to capture only the final summary record for each member who has served in Congress provides information about the entire career of the individual. One potentially important piece of information, however, is not represented by such a retrieval-- whether the member has represented more than one state in the course of their career. Listed below are the 41 individuals who have represented more than one state-- 40 have represented two states, and one (James Shields) has represented three.

MEMBERS WHO HAVE REPRESENTED MORE THAN ONE STATE

ID #

MEMBER NAME

STATE

CHAMBER

DATES

00361

BAKER, EDWARD DICKINSON

IL

H

1845-1847 1849-1851

00361

BAKER, EDWARD DICKINSON

OR

S

1860-1861

00766

BLAIR, JACOB BEESON

VA

H

1861-1863

00766

BLAIR, JACOB BEESON

WV

H

1863-1865

01118

BROWN, JOHN

VA

H

1789-1792

01118

BROWN, JOHN

KY

S

1792-1805

01137

BROWN, WILLIAM GAY

VA

H

1845-1849 1861-1863

01137

BROWN, WILLIAM GAY

WV

H

1863-1865

01635

CHANDLER, JOHN

MA

H

1805-1809

01635

CHANDLER, JOHN

ME

S

1820-1829

01741

CLAIBORNE, WILLIAM CHAS

TN

H

1797-1801

01741

CLAIBORNE, WILLIAM CHAS

LA

S

1817-1817

01782

CLARK, SAMUEL

NY

H

1833-1835

01782

CLARK, SAMUEL

MI

H

1853-1855

02118

COS, SAMUEL SULLIVAN

OH

H

1857-1865

02118

COX, SAMUEL SULLIVAN

NY

H

1869-1889

02281

CUSHMAN, JOSHUA

MA

H

1819-1821

02281

CUSHMAN, JOSHUA

ME

H

1821-1825

03080

FAULKNER, CHARLES JAMES

VA

H

1851-1859

03080

FAULKNER, CHARLES JAMES

WV

H

1875-1877

10584

FOREMAN, ED

TX

H

1963-1965

10584

FOREMAN, ED

NM

H

1969-1971

03887

GWIN, WILLIAM MCKENDREE

MS

H

1841-1843

03887

GWIN, WILLIAM MCKENDREE

CA

S

1850-1855 1857-1861

04090

HARPER, ROBERT GOODLOE

SC

H

1795-1801

04090

HARPER, ROBERT GOODLOE

MD

S

1816

04390

HIESTER, DANIEL

PA

H

1789-1796

04390

HIESTER, DANIEL

MD

H

1801-1804

04419

HILL, MARK LANGDON

MA

H

1819-1821

04419

HILL, MARK LANGDON

ME

H

1821-1823

04422

HILL, ROBERT POTTER

IL

H

1913-1915

04422

HILL, ROBERT POTTER

OK

H

1937

04422

HOLMES, DAVID

VA

H

1797-1809

04422

HOLMES, DAVID

MS

S

1820-1825

04536

HOLMES, JOHN

MA

H

1817-1820

04536

HOLMES, JOHN

ME

S

1820-1827 1829-1833

04615

HOUSTON, SAMUEL

TN

H

1823-1827

04615

HOUSTON, SAMUEL

TX

S

1846-1859

05142

KELLOG, FRANCIS WILLIAM

MI

H

1859-1865

05142

KELLOG, FRANCIS WILLIAM

AL

H

1868-1869

05275

KING, WILLIAM RUFUS

NC

H

1811-1816

05275

KING, WILLIAM RUFUS

AL

S

1819-1844 1848-1852

05443

LANE, JAMES HENRY

IN

H

1853-1855

05443

LANE, JAMES HENRY

KS

S

1861-1866

05641

LEWIS, JAMES HAMILTON

WA

H

1897-1899

05641

LEWIS, JAMES HAMILTON

IL

S

1913-1919 1931-1939

05667

LINCOLN, ENOCH

MA

H

1818-1821

05667

LINCOLN, ENOCH

ME

H

1821-1826

05715

LIVINGSTON, EDWARD

NY

H

1795-1801

05715

LIVINGSTON, EDWARD

LA

H

1823-1829

05715

LIVINGSTON, EDWARD

LA

S

1829-1831

05867

LYON, MATTHEW

VT

H

1797-1801

05867

LYON, MATTHEW

KY

H

1803-1811

06886

NEW, ANTHONY

VA

H

1793-1805

06886

NEW, ANTHONY

KY

H

1811-1813 1817-1819 1821-1823

07212

PARRIS, ALBION KEITH

MA

H

1815-1818

07212

PARRIS, ALBION KEITH

ME

S

1827-1828

07427

PICKENS, ISRAEL

NC

H

1811-1817

07427

PICKENS, ISRAEL

AL

S

1826

07703

RAMSEY, ALEXANDER

PA

H

1843-1847

07703

RAMSEY, ALEXANDER

MN

S

1863-1875

08374

SEVIER, JOHN

NC

H

1789-1791

08374

SEVIER, JOHN

TN

H

1811-1815

08470

SHIELDS, JAMES

IL

S

1849-1855

08470

SHIELDS, JAMES

MN

S

1858-1859

08470

SHIELDS, JAMES

MO

S

1879

08777

SPEIGHT, JESSE

NC

H

1829-1837

08777

SPEIGHT, JESSE

MS

S

1845-1847

09429

TOWNE, CHARLES ARNETTE

MN

H

1895-1897

09429

TOWNE, CHARLES ARNETTE

MN

S

1900-1901

09429

TOWNE, CHARLES ARNETTE

NY

H

1905-1907

09607

VANDEVER, WILLIAM

IA

H

1859-1861

09607

VANDEVER, WILLIAM

CA

H

1887-1891

09643

VAN WYCK, CHARLES HENRY

NY

H

1859-1863 1867-1871

09643

VAN WYCK, CHARLES HENRY

NE

S

1881-1887

09903

WEBSTER, DANIEL

NH

H

1813-1817

09903

WEBSTER, DANIEL

MA

H

1823-1827

09903

WEBSTER, DANIEL

MA

S

1827-1841

09934

WELLER, JOHN B

OH

H

1839-1845

09934

WELLER, JOHN B

CA

S

1852-1857

09973

WHALEY, KELLIAN

VA

H

1861-1863

09973

WHALEY, KELLIAN

WV

H

1863-1867

10069

WHITMAN, EXEKIEL

MA

H

1809-1911 1817-1821

10069

WHITMAN, EXEKIEL

ME

H

1821-1822

10129

WILLEY, WAITMAN THOMAS

VA

S

1861-1862

10129

WILLEY, WAITMAN THOMAS

WV

S

1863-1871