This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International.Specifies the type of summary statistic. Summary statistics are a single number representation of the characteristics of a set of values.
| Value of the Code | Descriptive Term of the Code | Definition of the Code |
|---|---|---|
| ArithmeticMean | Arithmetic mean | Mathematical average of a set of values. The mean is calculated by adding up two or more values and dividing the total by their number. In social/political science, it is usually the sum of the measurements divided by the number of subjects, or cases. |
| GeometricMean | Geometric mean | Average value of all data if extracting the nth root of the product of all (n) values. Rarely used in social sciences. |
| HarmonicMean | Harmonic mean | Average value of all data if calculating the reciprocal of the arithmetic mean of the reciprocal of values. Rarely used in social sciences. |
| TrimmedMean | Trimmed mean | The (arithmetic) mean calculated after discarding given parts of observations at the high and low end (e.g., interquartile mean when the lowest 25% and the highest 25% are discarded, and the mean of the remaining values is calculated). |
| StandardErrorOfMean | Standard error of the mean | Provides an estimate of how much the sample mean differs from the actual mean of the population. |
| Mode | Mode | The most frequently observed data value (Statistics Canada). |
| Median | Median | The middle value in a set of values arranged in ascending order. Half of the values fall below the median, and half above it. If the set has an even number of values, the median will be the average of the two middle ones. |
| ValidCases | Valid Cases | Cases with observations which are considered to be valid, i.e., providing substantial information and to be included for calculation. |
| InvalidCases | Invalid cases | Cases which are considered/defined as "missing" (e.g., not ascertained, not applicable, etc.), usually excluded from calculation. |
| Minimum | Minimum | The lowest valid value in a variable. |
| Maximum | Maximum | The highest valid value in a variable. |
| Range | Range | The range of valid values, i.e., all values that fall between the lowest and highest valid values. |
| Sum | Sum | The sum or total of the values, across all valid cases. |
| Variance | Variance | The variance is the mean square deviation of the variable around the average value. It reflects the dispersion of a frequency distribution around its mean (OECD Glossary of Statistics). |
| StandardDeviation | Standard deviation | Indicates the degree to which individuals within the sample differ from the sample mean. |
| CoefficientOfVariation | Coefficient of variation | Standard deviation divided by the mean. |
| AverageAbsoluteDeviation | Average absolute deviation | The average of the absolute differences between each value and the overall mean. Measure of statistical dispersion around the mean, alternative to Standard Deviation. |
| MedianAbsoluteDeviation | Median absolute deviation | The median absolute deviation from the median. Measure of statistical dispersion around the median. |
| FirstQuartile | First quartile | The first of three values which separate the total frequency of a distribution into four equal parts. |
| SecondQuartile | Second quartile | The second of three values which separate the total frequency of a distribution into four equal parts (= median). |
| ThirdQuartile | Third quartile | The third of three values which separate the total frequency of a distribution into four equal parts. |
| InterquartileRange | Interquartile range | The range between the first and third quartile values. |
| FirstQuintile | First quintile | The first of four values which separate the total frequency of a distribution into five equal parts. |
| SecondQuintile | Second quintile | The second of four values which separate the total frequency of a distribution into five equal parts. |
| ThirdQuintile | Third quintile | The third of four values which separate the total frequency of a distribution into five equal parts. |
| FourthQuintile | Fourth quintile | The fourth of four values which separate the total frequency of a distribution into five equal parts. |
| InterquintileRange | Interquintile range | The range between the first and fourth quintile values. |
| FirstDecile | First decile | The first of nine values which separate the total frequency of a distribution into ten equal parts. |
| SecondDecile | Second decile | The second of nine values which separate the total frequency of a distribution into ten equal parts. |
| ThirdDecile | Third decile | The third of nine values which separate the total frequency of a distribution into ten equal parts. |
| FourthDecile | Fourth decile | The fourth of nine values which separate the total frequency of a distribution into ten equal parts. |
| FifthDecile | Fifth decile | The fifth of nine values which separate the total frequency of a distribution into ten equal parts (= median). |
| SixthDecile | Sixth decile | The sixth of nine values which separate the total frequency of a distribution into ten equal parts. |
| SeventhDecile | Seventh decile | The seventh of nine values which separate the total frequency of a distribution into ten equal parts. |
| EighthDecile | Eighth decile | The eighth of nine values which separate the total frequency of a distribution into ten equal parts. |
| NinthDecile | Ninth decile | The ninth of nine values which separate the total frequency of a distribution into ten equal parts. |
| InterdecileRange | Interdecile range | The range between the first and ninth decile values. |
| OtherPercentile | Other percentile | A percentile not covered by any of the other percentile terms. |
| Beta1 | Skewness | A measure for the asymmetry of a probability distribution of a variable. |
| Beta2 | Kurtosis | A measure for the "peakedness" of a probability distribution of a variable. |
| ShapiroWilk | Shapiro-Wilk | Normality test statistics. |
| PercentageOfValidCases | Percentage of valid cases | Indicates the percentage of valid cases of the total number of cases. |
| PercentageOfInvalidCases | Percentage of invalid cases | Indicates the percentage of invalid cases of the total number of cases. |
| Other | Other | Use if the summary statistic type is known, but not found in the list. |
A classification of the type of summary statistic provided. Supports the use of an external controlled vocabulary. DDI strongly recommends the use of a widely shared controlled vocabulary to support interoperability.
| Module Name | Element Name |
|---|---|
| physicalinstance | TypeOfSummaryStatistic |
This vocabulary cannot be used for the element sumStat (4.3.14) in DDI 2.1, because this element already comes with a hard-coded controlled vocabulary in the "type" attribute. For using in DDI 2.5, select value "other" in the "type" attribute, and insert the appropriate value from the external CV in the "otherType" attribute. Use the complex element controlledVocabUsed (in the docDscr section) to identify the controlled vocabulary to which the selected term belongs.
| Element Number in DDI 2.1 | Element/Attribute Name |
|---|---|
| 4.3.14 | sumStat |
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